Apart from teaching, English language teachers need to assess their students by giving a test to know the students� achievements. In general, teachers are barely conducting item analysis on their tests. As a result, they have no idea about the quality of their test distributed to the students. The present study attempts to figure out the levels of difficulty (LD) and the discriminating power (DP) of the multiple-choice (MC) test item constructed by an English teacher in the reading comprehension test utilizing test item analysis. This study employs a qualitative approach. For this purpose, a test of 50-MC test items of reading comprehension was obtained from the students� test results. Thirty-five students of grade eight took part in the MC test try-out. They are both male (15) and female (20) students of junior high school 2 Kempo, in West Nusa Tenggara Province. The findings revealed that16 items out of 50 test items were rejected due to the poor and worst quality level of difficulty and discriminating index. Meanwhile, 12 items need to be reviewed due to their mediocre quality, and 11 items are claimed to have good quality items. Besides, 11 items out of 50 test items were considered as the excellent quality as their DP scores reached around 0.44 through 0.78. The implications of the present study will shed light on the quality of teacher-made test items, especially for the MC test.

The teaching method is one of the contributing factors to successful English language learning. The appropriate use of a teaching method is one of the ways to enhance learners’ speaking skills. The present study aims at reviewing the use of the Audio-Lingual Method (ALM), one of the teaching methods to enhance EFL learners’ speaking skills.      The present study employs library research to delineate the use of ALM to enhance learners' mastery of speaking skills. The data were obtained from documentation study and previous research findings and further analyzed qualitatively. Therefore, it reviews the brief of ALM, the purposes of ALM. Moreover, it scrutinizes the strategies used in ALM, the benefits of using and the implication of using ALM in classroom teaching. Finally, some important points on the use of ALM are highlighted in the conclusion part.

AbstrakBahasa memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalm kehidupan manusia sebagai media komunikasi. Komunikasi antara pengirim dan penerima merupakan suatu aktivitas dalam mengungkapkan suatu gagasan, pesan, perilaku, dan kondisi antara pembicara dan pendengar. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menganalisis cooperative principle (CP) dan politeness principle (PP) dalam complain tamu dalam hotel x di Kuta-Bali melalui dialog. Data dikumpulkan dari buku rekaman dialog dari salah satu hotel di Kuta-Bali.percakapan telah di salin ke dalam bentuk teks. Data yang diinginkan kemudian diidentifikasi, diklasifikasikan, dan dianalisis secara terpisah berdasarkan dengan cooperative and politeness principle. Dalam menganalisis CP dan PP digunkan metode deskriptif yang bersifat kualitatif yang sejalan dengan teori yang dikemukakan oleh Grice dan Leech. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan recepsionist secara berhati-hati mengobservasi CP dan PP, namun respon tamu tidak selalu memenuhi prinsip-prinsip tersebut.

The present study attempts to investigate effective EFL teacher educators from the perspectives of student teachers and teacher educators. A survey design was employed to examine student teachers' and teacher educators' perceptions of the attributes of effective EFL teacher educators. Furthermore, an adapted questionnaire was administered online to 408 participants (334 student teachers, and 74 teacher educators) to obtain data about effective EFL teacher educators using four categories of attributes of effective teacher educators, namely subject matter knowledge (SMK), pedagogical knowledge (PK), organization and communication skills (OCS), and socio-affective skills (SAS). Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted for the measurement of central tendency. The findings revealed the student teachers and teacher educators have different perceptions of how they perceived effective EFL teacher educators. There was a significant statistical difference between student teachers' and teacher educators' perceptions of the three categories of attributes, namely SMK, PK, and OCS. Meanwhile, there was no significant statistical difference between student teachers' and teacher educators' perceptions of SAS. The results of the present study may serve several pedagogical implications in the program of teacher education. Keywords: EFL student teachers, teacher Educators, effective teacher, perceptions

The COVID-19 outbreak throughout the world forced the government of Indonesia to shift academic programs into online mode. The objectives of this study are to describe the teachers' strategies for teaching narrative writing during the COVID-19 outbreak and to find out the teachers' reasons to choose the strategies. Therefore, a qualitative research design was applied and the data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and online observation. Two exemplary teachers were involved as the respondents in the present study. Data coding was conducted to analyze the data gained from those research instruments. The findings revealed that the first respondent (JY) used cooperative learning, group discussion, and translation as her strategies in teaching English narrative writing text. Meanwhile, the second respondent (RN) used guided questions, cooperative learning, and translation as her strategies for teaching English narrative text during the pandemic. The findings showed that the first respondent (JY) utilized those strategies to increase students' participation, enhance students' vocabulary mastery, and developed student writing ability. Meanwhile, the second respondent (RN) utilized the aforementioned strategies to enrich students' vocabulary mastery, and improve students sentence structure.