No abstract

To evaluate critically the merit of utilizing a wound model for growing human tumors, a series of increasingly difficult human tumor types were tested for growth at sites of trauma in athymic nude mice. In vitro tumor lines as well as fresh tumors from the breast, colon, rectum, lung, and a metastasis from an unknown primary were intraperitoneally injected into mice subjected to intra-abdominal organ injury. Successful xenografts were obtained from nine of 10 cell lines and 14 of 24 fresh tumors. The latter included five of six (83%) colon cancers, one lung tumor, metastatic tumor of unknown primary, three of four (75%) metastatic breast cancers and four of six (67%) estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast primary tumors. Six ER-positive breast tumors tested failed to grow in mice without estrogen supplementation. Xenografts from two breast, two colon and the lung cancers formed spontaneous metastases and all xenografts tested were able to yield serial transplants in the surgical wound model. Histologically, all xenografts and their metastases were identical to their respective donor tumors. Transplantability in mice without exogenous estrogen supplementation was linked to the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in breast tumors. Transplantability of the cell lines was associated with the expression of cell surface receptors for fibronectin and hyaluronic acid. Receptors for other extracellular matrix components, namely, laminin, vitronectin, collagen, fibrinogen or von Willebrand factor were not associated with transplantability. These results demonstrate that a large proportion of human tumors, including the breast tumors, can be successfully xenografted into athymic mice by providing them with a healing wound environment, and that such xenografts grown at ectopic sites exhibit metastatic ability.

No abstract

No abstract

The factors influencing the growth and metastatic behavior of experimental animal tumors are examined. 10(4) TA3Ha cells were injected intraperitoneally, intravenously, subcutaneously into the flank, and subcutaneously into the tail tissues of syngeneic strain A mice. The tumor takes from these injections were 50/50 (100%), 1/10 (10%), 10/10 (100%), and 7/12 (60%), respectively. The frequency of lung metastasis from these sites was 0, 100, 50, and 100%, respectively. At the time of host death, the flank and tail tumors were, respectively, 2.2 +/- 0.5 cm (geometric mean diameter) and 1.2 +/- 0.3 cm in the TA3Ha and 0.9 +/- 0.1 cm and 0.4 +/- 0.1 cm in the L1210 systems. TA3Ha tumors metastasized regularly to the lymph nodes but the L1210 tumors seldom metastasized to the lymph nodes. Tail implants of TA3Ha tumors behaved similarly in the athymic nude mice and strain A mice. TA3Ha cells inoculated into the Millipore chambers and maintained in mice for greater than 150 days were viable and able to form tumors. The results demonstrate that the anatomic location of the tumor affects the growth and metastatic behavior of the tumors, and that the tumors of different histologic origin metastasize differently even when grown in corresponding locations.