Three series of macrocyclic polyether‐diester ligands have been prepared from dimethyl triethylene glycol (20), two dimethyl tetraethylene glycols (21,23), dimethyl pentaethylene glycol (22) and tetramethyl tetraethylene glycol (24) and diglycolyl chloride (products 5–9), thiadiglycolyl chloride (products 10–14) and 2,6‐pyridine dicarbonyl chloride (products 15–19). The eighteen‐membered rings (6 and 16) formed solid potassium thiocyanate complexes. The eighteen‐ and twenty‐one‐membered ring compounds 6–8 and 16–18 complexed with benzylammonium perchlorate in methylene chloride‐d2 as shown by significant chemical shift changes in the 1H nmr spectra.

A series of seven substituted macrocyclic polyether‐diester compounds containing the malonyl moiety have been prepared.

A new series of chiral polyether-diester ligands has been prepared by reacting racemic and chiral diphenyl-substituted tetraethylene glycols with diglycolyl chloride (5 and 6), 2,5-furandicarbonyl chloride (7 and 8), 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl chloride (9-12), and 4-methoxy-2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl chloride (13). The chiral diphenyl-substituted tetraethylene glycols were prepared from the di-, (S)-, and (R)-mandelic acids.

Purpose: To determine the outcome of patients whose request for EMS was identified as a nonlife-threatening emergency and dispatched as intermediate priority (IP). Methods: This was a retrospective review of randomly selected medical records conducted from 01 December 1993 through 31 October 1994. Cases included those for which IP was assigned to a request for EMS by emergency medical dispatchers using a standardized ambulance dispatch protocol. Emergency medical services requests from nursing homes and other health-care facilities were excluded. Results: During the study period, a total of 14,445 EMS requests were received. Of these 926 (6.4%) were dispatched as IP. Three hundred forty-three cases were selected for review. Data were available for 296 cases. Eight (2.7%) cases received advanced life support (ALS) at the scene, 12 (4.1%) received ALS en route to the hospital, and 16 (5.4%) received ALS within the first 30 minutes of emergency department (ED) arrival. Two patients (0.7%) presented in cardiac arrest upon EMS arrival and did not survive. Both of these cases involved major dispatch protocol violations. Except for these cardiac arrest patients, none required resuscitation. Of the patients, 294 (99.3%) survived to hospital admission or ED discharge. Of the patients, 220 (74.3%) were discharged from the ED. Of the 74 (25%) patients admitted, 66 (89.2%) were admitted to noncritical-care units, six (8.1%) were admitted to critical-care units, and two (2.7%) were admitted to the operating room. Conclusion: In our system, IP EMS dispatches were relatively infrequent. While many of these patients ultimately were admitted to the hospital, few required prehospital ALS or critical-care admission. Properly applied dispatch protocols may identify safely those patients who do not have immediately lifethreatening conditions.

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