Purpose Hypertonic saline (HTS) is used to control intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, in prior studies, the resultant hypernatremia has been associated with increased mortality. We aimed to study the effect of HTS on ICP and mortality in patients with severe TBI. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 231 patients with severe TBI ( [CI], 0.56 to 2.05; P = 0.84) nor hypernatremia (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.68 to 2.55; P = 0.42) was associated with hospital mortality. There was no effect modification by either HTS or hypernatremia on each another. Patients who received HTS observed a significant decrease in ICP during their ICU stay compared with those who did not receive HTS (4 mmHg; 95% CI, 2 to 6; P \ 0.001 vs 2 mmHg; 95% CI, -1 to 5; P = 0.14). Conclusions Hypertonic saline and hypernatremia are not associated with hospital mortality in patients with severe TBI. RésuméObjectif Une solution saline hypertonique (HTS) est utilisée pour contrô ler la pression intracrânienne (PIC) chez les patients ayant subi un traumatisme cérébral (TC); toutefois, dans des études précédentes, l'hypernatrémie

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