Forty-five adults with primary insomnia received cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) implemented in a group therapy format, in individual face-to-face therapy or through brief individual telephone consultations. The results indicate that CBT was effective in improving sleep parameters with all 3 methods of treatment implementation, and there was no significant difference across methods of implementation. All 3 treatment modalities produced improvements in sleep that were maintained for 6 months after treatment completion. These results suggest that group therapy and telephone consultations represent cost-effective alternatives to individual therapy for the management of insomnia.

The main goal of the present study was to examine and compare the psychosocial functioning of 35 couples including a woman diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) to that of a nonclinical control sample of 35 couples. The BPD status of women from the clinical group and the prevalence of personality disorder in their partner were ascertained through the SCID-II. Participants completed self-report measures of couple functioning. A majority of couples in which the woman suffered from BPD (68.7%) evidenced frequent episodes of breakups and reconciliations and, over an 18-month period, nearly 30% of these couples dissolved their relationship. Nearly half of the men involved in a romantic relationship with a woman suffering from BPD met criteria for one personality disorder or more. As compared with nonclinical couples, clinical couples showed lower marital satisfaction, higher attachment insecurity, more demand/withdraw communication problems, and higher levels of violence.

This study describes a self-efficacy (SE) scale and examines its usefulness in predicting adherence to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) of insomnia. The SE scale, which included three subscales (global, task-related, and self-regulation), was administered to 39 patients receiving CBT for primary insomnia. Participants'daily sleep diaries were used to estimate their adherence to treatment. The results showed that the SE scale has adequate psychometric properties. Treatment adherence increased from Week 2 to Week 7 and decreased during the week following the last therapy session. In general, the global self-efficacy measure was more strongly associated with adherence during the first week of treatment, whereas the task-related efficacy was more strongly associated with adherence behaviors from Weeks 4 to 8. These findings suggest that self-efficacy perceptions are useful in predicting adherence to CBT of insomnia.

Women with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) are prone to have sexual relationship difficulties and dysfunctional attitudes toward sexuality. A sample of 34 heterosexual couples composed of women meeting BPD criteria was compared to a sample of dating or married women from the general population. A short form of the Sexual Activities and Attitudes Questionnaire (SAAQ) was used to measure six types of sexual attitudes. Women diagnosed with BPD did not differ from controls on the frequency of three types of sexual activities in the last year but their subjective sexual experiences differed: they showed stronger negative attitudes, felt sexually pressured by their partners, and expressed ambivalence toward sexuality. Regression analyses suggest that anxious attachment mediates the association between BPD and feeling pressured to engage in sex.

This paper investigates an open problem introduced in [14]. Two or more mobile agents start from different nodes of a network and have to accomplish the task of gathering which consists in getting all together at the same node at the same time. An adversary chooses the initial nodes of the agents and assigns a different positive integer (called label) to each of them. Initially, each agent knows its label but does not know the labels of the other agents or their positions relative to its own. Agents move in synchronous rounds and can communicate with each other only when located at the same node. Up to f of the agents are Byzantine. A Byzantine agent can choose an arbitrary port when it moves, can convey arbitrary information to other agents and can change its label in every round, in particular by forging the label of another agent or by creating a completely new one. What is the minimum number M of good agents that guarantees deterministic gathering of all of them, with termination?We provide exact answers to this open problem by considering the case when the agents initially know the size of the network and the case when they do not. In the former case, we prove M = f + 1 while in the latter, we prove M = f + 2. More precisely, for networks of known size, we design a deterministic algorithm gathering all good agents in any network provided that the number of good agents is at least f + 1. For networks of unknown size, we also design a deterministic algorithm ensuring the gathering of all good agents in any network but provided that the number of good agents is at least f + 2. Both of our algorithms are optimal in terms of required number of good agents, as each of them perfectly matches the respective lower bound on M shown in [14], which is of f + 1 when the size of the network is known and of f + 2 when it is unknown.Perhaps surprisingly, our results highlight an interesting feature when put in perspective with known results concerning a relaxed variant of this problem in which the Byzantine agents cannot change their initial labels. Indeed under this variant M = 1 for networks of known size and M = f + 2 for networks of unknown size. Following this perspective, it turns out that when the size of the network is known, the ability for the Byzantine agents to change their labels significantly impacts the value of M. However, the relevance for M of such an ability completely disappears in the most general case where the size of the network is unknown, as M = f + 2 regardless of whether Byzantine agents can change their labels or not.