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Range Imaging (RIM) is a new suitable choice for measurement and modeling in many different applications. RIM is a fusion of two different technologies. According to the terminology, it integrates distance measurement as well as imaging aspects. The distance measurement principle is dominated by the time-of-flight principle while the imaging array (e.g. CMOS sensor) enables each pixel to store also the distance towards the corresponding object point. Due to the technology's relatively new appearance on the market, with a few different realizations, the knowledge of its capabilities is very low. In this paper we present our investigations on the range imaging camera SwissRanger TM (realized by the Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology -CSEM). Different calibration procedures are performed, including a photogrammetric camera calibration and a distance system calibration with respect to the reflectivity and the distance itself. Furthermore we report about measurement applications in the field of surveillance and biometrics. In particular, range imaging data of moving people are analyzed, to identify humans, detect their movements and recover 3D trajectories.

We present results from a new vertical deflection (VD) traverse observed in Perth, Western Australia, which is the first of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. A digital astrogeodetic QDaedalus instrument was deployed to measure VDs with ~0.2" precision at 39 benchmarks with a ~1 km spacing. For the conversion of VDs to quasigeoid height differences, the method of astronomical-topographical levelling was applied, based on topographic information from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). The astronomical quasigeoid heights are in ±20-30 mm (RMS) agreement with three independent gravimetric quasigeoid models, and the astrogeodetic VDs agree to ±0.2-0.3" (north-south) and ±0.5-0.9" (east-west) RMS. Tilt-like biases of ~10 mm over ~10 km are present for all quasigeoid models within ~20 km of the coastline, suggesting inconsistencies in the coastal zone gravity data. The VD campaign in Perth was designed as a low-cost effort, possibly allowing replication in other Southern Hemisphere countries (e.g., Asia, Africa, South America and Antarctica), where VD data are particularly scarce.