Background: Aging is a complex and universal life process. Treatment seeking behaviour in elderly is affected by socio-economic factors and by affordability, availability and accessibility of healthcare. Objectives: To study treatment-seeking behaviour of the study subjects. To compare treatment seeking behaviour among rural and urban study subjects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Kanpur district. Selection of villages in rural and mohallas in urban areas was done using a multistage random sampling technique. A total of 600 subjects were studied, including 400 from urban areas and 200 from rural areas. Elderly persons>60 years of age, both males and females were included in the study. Results: Overall, out of 600 study subjects, 59.8% were taking treatment in rural areas and in urban areas 77.6% were taking treatment. In urban areas, more females availed treatment compared to rural areas. Majority of study subjects (56.5%) sought treatment from a government hospital. Only 36% subjects had health insurance. Conclusion: In Urban areas more subjects availed treatment as compared to rural areas. Majority of subjects sought treatment from government health facilities. Lack of financial support and long waiting time were major reasons for not availing health care.

Background: Anemia is one of the most common conditions related to pregnancy. Anemia is most frequent during pregnancy due to insufficient intake of proper diet and IFA regimen. Supplementation of IFA for 100 days during 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of antenatal anemia. We assess the effect of IFA supplementation with daily dosing and their outcome in urban localities of Kanpur district. Aim of this study was to assess the current status of intake of IFA in pregnant females.Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out in Kanpur Nagar district. Total 56 pregnant women of 2nd and 3rd trimester were assigned to daily intake of IFA for 100 days of age 15-45 years. Outcomes were measured by assessment of hemoglobin level and daily intake of IFA. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the study cases from 2 ward and 4 blocks in Kanpur district.Results: In this study it was found that, in total 56 sample size of pregnant women of 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy 37 have taken IFA in which 8 patients were anemic who have taken IFA for 100 days and 19 havee not taken IFA in which 12 cases were anemic.Conclusions: Study cases who has taken IFA during 2nd and 3rd trimester have better hemoglobin level and have low risk of anemia related pregnancy however complete course of IFA to antenatal period should must. The study cases which have not received any amount of IFA have higher chances of being anemic. Antenatal IFA supplementation must be ensured by ASHA workers to subcenter, CHC and PHC to pregnant women and provide sufficient knowledge about benefits of IFA.

Background: Appropriate infant feeding, with early initiation of breastfeeding along with colostrum as the first food, exclusive breastfeeding to six months, followed by the introduction of complementary foods with continued breastfeeding, is important for survival as well as physical growth and mental development of the child. World breastfeeding week (WBW) is celebrated every year from 1 to 7 August to encourage breastfeeding and improve the health of children around the world. Our objective was to determine the knowledge and practice of EBF among study subjects. To compare knowledge and practice of EBF among rural and urban study subjects.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted amongst mothers having children between 0-24 months of age group in the area of RHTC and UHTC of department of community medicine, GSVM Medical College Kanpur. Data was collected using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire after the house-to-house survey and Chi-square test used.Results: Pre-lacteal feeds were given in 21.25% of children. Colostrum was given in 67.2% of babies. 18.5% of mothers initiate breastfeeding within 1 hour after delivery. 31.75% of babies were exclusively breastfed for more than 6 months. The majority of the mother (72.25%) continues breastfeeding up to 2 years. Majority (73%) of mothers give breastfeeding from both sides.Conclusions: In our study, awareness about breastfeeding, early initiation of breastfeeding and avoiding pre-lacteal feed. It supplies all the necessary nutrients in the proper proportions and protects against allergies, sickness, and obesity.

In India, half of all pregnant women between the ages of 15 and 49 years are anaemic. In Uttar Pradesh (UP), this figure is slightly higher at 51%. Unfortunately, only 5.4% pregnant women received full antenatal care (ANC) (National Family Health Survey 4, 2015–2016). A formative research conducted in UP in 2016 found that only 9% of pregnant women in UP consume the five recommended food groups, as per global recommendations.Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College Hospital is one of the four high case load tertiary care facilities in Kanpur, UP, with an obstetrics and gynaecology (OBGY) outpatient department (OPD) of 2500–3000 consultations with delivery load of 250–300 deliveries per month and paediatric OPD of approximately 5400–6000 consultations per month. It was identified that pregnant women visiting the OPD for ANC were not receiving maternal nutrition-related services, and anthropometric measurements to assess nutritional status and gestational weight gain were also not done.The department of OBGY decided to apply the four-step Point of Care Quality Improvement (POCQI) approach using Plan–Do–Study–Act cycle for implementation of the maternal nutrition protocol during ANC.In April 2019, with the support of A&T, the hospital team applied the POCQI methodology to improve ANC service provision. By the end of 2019, the measurement and recording of anthropometric parameters increased to 84% and 74% for height and weight, respectively, from the baseline of zero. Hb testing increased from 58% to 84% and blood pressure (BP) monitoring from zero to 84%. Maternal nutrition counselling was delivered to 76% of the pregnant women visiting the OPD, which was a significant achievement for a new practice introduced into the system.The improved practices identified and implemented by the department are being sustained through active engagement of the staff and supportive leadership of the department of OBGY.

Background: There is a pressing need to identify and address the grass root determinants of maternal health care utilization to steer the health services toward achieving the ambitious SDG target of reducing the global MMR to <70 per 100 000 births by 2030. Objective of current study was to assess the utilization of health services provided to mothers and infants. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted by the department of community medicine GSVM Medical College Kanpur using multistage random sampling technique including women having children less than 1 years of age and Infant (less than one year) born to these eligible women in rural blocks of district Kanpur Nagar for evaluation mother and infant care services from February 2021 to September 2022. Results: 94.17% participants had at least one antenatal visit, 85.06% of delivery were take place at CHC, 83.80% post natal care provided by doctor, 30.76% infant were treated properly for Acute respiratory symptom 21.31% infant received ORT and Zinc for treatment of diarrhea. Similar results were found as per NFHS-5 in rural Uttar Pradesh in previous published research work. Conclusions: Utilization of health care services require more improvement for infant disease treatment.