A simple formulation of bactericidal cold cream using the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Cassia auriculata flower extract and their antibacterial activity was tested against various clinical pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. An ecofriendly method was followed for the biosynthesis of AgNPs using C. auriculata flower extract as a reducing agent at room temperature. The effect of different concentrations of flower extract and the various pH conditions of the reaction medium toward the formation of NPs were studied. Surface plasmon resonance peaks were obtained from 403 nm to 428 nm. Further, the synthesized NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering particle size analysis, Zeta potential analysis, atomic force microscope, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopic analysis.

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The synthesis of nanoparticles can be accomplished by physical, chemical and biological strategies. Since this has become an expanding area of research in the field of medical sciences and Technology, owing to its potential applications, the need for eco-friendly, non-toxic and economical methods of synthesis have arisen. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles have become the main field of research as it is time efficient, cost effective, less toxic and has abundant resource. This review emphasizes on the biosynthesis of gold (Au) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using marine sources with special reference to algae, their characterisation and its applications. The characterisation of metal nanoparticles is an essential step and can be carried out by various instruments. The various pharmacological, electrical, pest management, parasitology and medical applications of these marine source induced synthesis of nanoparticles have also been portrayed in this review.Â

Introduction: Free radical oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathology of a wide variety of clinical disorders. Antioxidants are agents which scavenge the free radicals and prevent the damage caused by them. Angiotensin II receptor blockers used in the treatment of hypertension, have also been reported to protect organs such as kidney and heart. Althoug, the mechanisms of these protective effects are not fully understood, it is generally thought that their antioxidant effects likely play a role. Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, seems to exert atheroprotective effects through its antioxidant properties related to its chemical structure and independent of its calcium channelblocking effect. Though research has proved that olmesartan and amlodipine exhibit antioxidant activity independent of their antihypertensive effects, there are not many in vitro studies to analyse which drug is a better antioxidant. Objective: This in vitro study was done to compare the antioxidant activity of olmesartan and amlodipine. Materials and Methods: In this study, we demonstrated the antioxidant activities of 10 mg/ml stock solutions of olmesartan and amlodipine in vitro. DPPH (1,1 Diphenyl 2-picryl hydrazide) and Nitric oxide free radical scavenging assays were done. Results: Olmesartan showed significant (49.48%) and consistent free radical scavenging activity by DPPH and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assays. Free radical scavenging activity of amlodipine was more significant (56.89%) than olmesartan but was inconsistent and non-concentration dependent. Conclusion: Hence this in vitro study has proved that olmesartan has better antioxidant activity than amlodipine.

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