We report on a 3-year-old girl with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) encephalitis manifested by disturbance of consciousness, conjugate eye deviation, anuria, truncal ataxia and intention tremor. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed hyperintense areas in the cerebellar cortex. No lesion was detected in the cerebral cortex, pons or spinal cord. The hyperintense areas in the cerebellar cortex diminished with recovery from the clinical manifestations and had resolved 2 months after onset. The MRI lesions in the cerebellum were considered to be due to oedema. SPECT and positron emission tomography (PET), performed 3 months after onset, disclosed areas of hypoperfusion and hypometabolism at the same sites. One year after onset, MRI showed mild atrophy of the cerebellum. Hypoperfusion on SPECT and hypometabolism on PET remained. Neuroimaging showed that ataxia and tremor in this case were the result of cerebellitis. The patient has no neurological deficit except for mild truncal ataxia. This patient is a rare example of RSV encephalitis.

Three-dimensional (3D) CT imaging was performed on three cases (one unilateral, two bilateral) of coronoid process hyperplasia. This technique displayed the impingement of the enlarged coronoid process on an exostosis on the lower border of the malar bone. In addition, a small concavity was found on the inner surface of the malar bone that was not displayed by other imaging modalities. The 3D images were useful in planning surgical treatment. In cases of limitation of opening, finding a malar exostosis on conventional radiographs such as a Water's view should suggest the presence of coronoid process hyperplasia even if the impingement cannot be demonstrated.