Purpose The incidence, patient features, risk factors and outcomes of surgery-associated postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) across different countries and health care systems is unclear. Methods We conducted an international prospective, observational, multi-center study in 30 countries in patients undergoing major surgery (> 2-h duration and postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) or high dependency unit admission). The primary endpoint was the occurrence of PO-AKI within 72 h of surgery defined by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Secondary endpoints included PO-AKI severity and duration, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality, and ICU and hospital length of stay. Results We studied 10,568 patients and 1945 (18.4%) developed PO-AKI (1236 (63.5%) KDIGO stage 1500 (25.7%) KDIGO stage 2209 (10.7%) KDIGO stage 3). In 33.8% PO-AKI was persistent, and 170/1945 (8.7%) of patients with PO-AKI received RRT in the ICU. Patients with PO-AKI had greater ICU (6.3% vs. 0.7%) and hospital (8.6% vs. 1.4%) mortality, and longer ICU (median 2 (Q1-Q3, 1–3) days vs. 3 (Q1-Q3, 1–6) days) and hospital length of stay (median 14 (Q1-Q3, 9–24) days vs. 10 (Q1-Q3, 7–17) days). Risk factors for PO-AKI included older age, comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease), type, duration and urgency of surgery as well as intraoperative vasopressors, and aminoglycosides administration. Conclusion In a comprehensive multinational study, approximately one in five patients develop PO-AKI after major surgery. Increasing severity of PO-AKI is associated with a progressive increase in adverse outcomes. Our findings indicate that PO-AKI represents a significant burden for health care worldwide. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00134-023-07169-7.

Aim: Low back pain affects many people at some point in their life. Whenever pharmacologic and other conservative treatments of chronic pain fail, ablative and interventional methods are attempted on the assumption that interrupting nerve conduction prevents central pain cognition. Pulsed radiofrequency using multifunctional epidural electrodes can be used for multiple etiologies of chronic low back and leg pain with a low complication rate and minimal side effects.Methods: The records of the 188 patients who underwent pulsed radiofrequency with multifunctional epidural electrode between October 2014 and March 2017 in Algology clinic were examined retrospectively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, response to straight leg raising test (SLR), lumbar range of motion, analgesic use, patient satisfaction score, need for open operation or other interventional procedure were collected.Results: VAS and SLR tests were found to be significantly improved compared with the preoperative values. The VAS scores at the 10th day and first, third and sixth months were significantly decreased compared to baseline scores (p<0.001). Also, SLR tests were significantly improved compared to baseline scores at the same intervals (p<0.001).Conclusion: Pulsed radiofrequency with multifunctional epidural electrode is a safe and effective method for low back pain which is caused by several pathologies.

Objective This study was performed to investigate the baseline serum titanium levels in patients with short-segment titanium alloy posterior instrumentation and to assess patient-, implant-, and surgery-related factors that might affect the serum titanium level. Method Two groups of patients were included in the study. The study group comprised 39 patients who had undergone short-segment posterior instrumentation from January 2013 to June 2016. The control group comprised 11 randomly selected patients who presented to the outpatient clinic with no history of orthopedic surgery. The serum titanium levels and inter-group differences were analyzed. Results The mean serum titanium level was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group. No significant difference was observed between patients with different etiologies, implants used for fusion, numbers of instrumented segments, or postoperative durations. Conclusion The serum titanium levels of patients with posterior lumbar spinal instrumentation are significantly higher than those of the normal population even after achievement of solid fusion. These levels are not affected by the use of transverse connectors, the use of cages, the operated segments, or the duration of implants.

ÖZETLaparoskopik cerrahilerde, postoperatif ağrı yönetiminde uygulanan multimodal yaklaşımda rejyonal tekniklerin önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu çalışmada, laparoskopik nefrektomilerde Transvers Abdominis Plane (TAP) bloğun postoperatif ağrı yönetiminde etkinliğini retrospektif olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Laparoskopik nefrektomi cerrahisi geçirmiş, postoperatif analjezi için hasta kontrollü analjezi (HKA) ile iv morfin verilen 50 olgunun anestezi kayıtları incelendi. Operasyon odasında anestezi indüksiyonu öncesi TAP blok uygulanan (Grup TAP, n=25) ve uygulanmayan (Grup Kontrol, n=25) hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı. İntraoperatif desfluran MAK (minimum alveolar konsantrasyon) değerlerinin ve fentanil tüketiminin Grup TAP'de anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu bulundu (p<0,001). Postoperatif ağrı skorlarının (VAS 0-10) (0. dk, 30. dk, 2.sa, 4.sa, 8.sa ve 12. sa) ve postoperatif HKA yöntemi ile morfin tüketiminin Grup TAP'de anlamlı olarak düşük olduğu saptandı (p<0,001). HKA ile ilk morfin kullanma zamanının Grup kontrol'de daha kısa olduğu bulundu. (p<0,001). Bulantı-kusma ve hipertansiyon gibi opioidlerle ilişkili yan etkilere kontrol grubunda, TAP grubuna göre daha sık rastlandığı saptandı (p<0,001). Grup TAP'de hasta memnuniyetinin daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p<0,001). Sonuç olarak, laparoskopik nefrektomi cerrahisi geçirecek olgularda preoperatif dönemde genel anesteziye ilave TAP bloğun uygulanması, intraoperatif anestezik ve analjezik tüketimini azaltarak daha kaliteli bir postoperatif ağrı yönetimi sağlamaktadır.

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