The purpose of this investigation was to identify the magnitude of psychological stress reported by soccer referees and assistant referees (linesmen). One hundred and fifty-six soccer referees who were members of the Turkish Soccer Referees' Committee responded to a survey that assessed perceived stress related to refereeing. Results showed that mean ratings of psychological stress scores of referees ranged between "a very little" and "moderate amount". Results also showed that there was no significant difference between referees' and assistant referees' magnitude of psychological stress. These results were consistent with those of previous studies, suggesting that most sport referees do not experience much stress while refereeing.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of professional burnout experienced by Turkish judo coaches and to compare possible differences in the three burnout dimensions based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status of their sport administrators. Methods: The data were obtained by using a threesection questionnaire including a socio demographic data form and the Turkish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory from 65 judo coaches working in the Turkish Judo and Kurash Federation. Results: In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and one-way ANOVA tests were used. This study showed that judo coaches have medium level burnout experience. The results also showed that there were significant differences in the emotional exhaustion levels of judo coaches based on coaching experience in years and satisfaction status from their sport administrators. Conclusions: Burnout appears to be a problematic issue for judo coaches. When coaches begin to feel emotionally depleted, they distance themselves from athletes, and experience a reduced sense of meaning about their work; it is likely to affect the quality of the athletic experience for both the coach and the athletes. (J Occup Health 2011; 53: 365-370)
Bu çalışma beden eğitimi öğretmenlerin duygusal zekâ düzeyleri ile mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın evrenini Muğla ili merkezinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı kadrosunda görev yapan 269 beden eğitimi öğretmenleri oluştururken, örneklemini ise gönüllü 120 beden eğitimi öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışanların duygusal zekâ boyutlarının değerlendirilmesinde, Chan'in (2004Chan'in ( ve 2006 tükenmişlikle duygusal zekâ arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemede kullandığı, ölçekten yararlanılmıştır. Ölçeğin orijinali, Schutte ve arkadaşlarının ( 2006) 33 maddelik çalışmasından geliştirilen 12 maddelik ölçektir. Katılanların tükenmişlik düzeyleri Maslach ve Jackson (1981) tarafından geliştirilen 22 maddeli Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği (Maslach Burnout Inventory-MBI) kullanılacaktır. MTÖ'nin Türkçe uyarlaması Ergin (1992) tarafından yapılmış olup, ölçeğin öğretmen örnekleminde geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik çalışması ilk kez Girgin (1995) ile Sucuoğlu ve Kuloğlu (1996) tarafından ayrı ayrı yapılmıştır. Yanıtlar 5'li likert'e göre derecelendirilmiştir. Yüzde frekans ile ikili gruplarda t-testi, 2 den fazla grupların karşılaştırılmasında ise One-Way Anova testi, korelasyon (r istatistiği) yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına göre, beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin duygusal zekâ ve mesleki tükenmişlik düzeylerinin yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum ve meslekte çalışma süresi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı değişmediği görülmektedir (p<0.05). Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin duygusal zekâ düzeyleri ile mesleki tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur(p<0.01, r=-0.25). Sonuçlar: Araştırma sonucunda; Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin duygusal zekâ düzeyleri arttıkça tükenmişlik düzeyleri azalmaktadır
The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of high‐intensity cycling exercise on the variables of carotid artery compliance, distensibility and beta stiffness index in elite adolescent wrestlers. The subjects were elite athletes competing in national, European and World Championships, who attended a training camp in the province of Kahramanmaras organized by the Turkish Centre for Olympic Preparation. The study sample comprised 31 male elite wrestlers with a mean age of 15.90 ± 0.87 years, body height of 165.97 ± 9.7 cm and body mass of 66.3 ± 18.45 kg. The arterial stiffness variables of the wrestlers were measured with high‐resolution Doppler ultrasonography before and 5 min after 30 s of high‐intensity cycling exercise (the Wingate Anaerobic Cycling test). The results showed a statistically significant correlation between mean power performance and carotid artery compliance at the 5th min after a single cycling sprint exercise (p < 0.05). No correlation was determined between peak power and the arterial stiffness variables (p > 0.05). The study results indicate that acute changes in arterial stiffness variables are associated with the performance level of high‐intensity cycling exercise in a group of elite adolescent wrestlers.
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