No abstract

Sweet corn is produced for human consumption and its grain quality primarily depends on the genotype. This study was carried out during the 2017 and 2018 seasons, in order to determine the suitable sweet corn varieties for Erzurum, Turkey. A randomized complete block design was used. Ear length (EL), ear diameter (ED), ear weight (EW), 1000-kernel weight (TKW), soluble solid content (SSC), crude protein content (CPC), and grain moisture content (GMC) of the 11 sweet corn varieties were investigated. Significant differences were determined among the varieties in terms of the investigated traits. The highest EL obtained from Khan F1 (19.8 cm), ED from Baron F1 (50.5 mm), EW from Baron F1 (323.5 g), TKW from Signet (358.8 g), SSC at harvest from Tanem F1 (20.3%), and CPC from BATEM Tatlı (16.5 %). At seven days post-harvest, the lowest reductions in grain moisture content were determined in Baron F1 both in the field and refrigerator conditions. The lowest losses in SSC both in the field and refrigerator conditions were determined in Khan F1. Based on the results of the two-year research in terms of all the quality traits, Tanem F1 variety can be the first choice for the production for fresh consumption in the Erzurum region.

Erzurum yöresinde buğday tarımını daha verimli kılmak için son yıllarda sayıları artan çeşitlerden yöreye uyumlu yüksek verimli olanlarının belirlenmesi ve ekiminin yaygınlaştırılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarımsal Araştırma ve Yayım Merkezi Müdürlüğü 4 numaralı deneme alanında 2011-12 ve 2012-13 ürün yıllarında yürütülmüş, 25 ekmeklik buğday çeşidinin Erzurum kuru tarım koşullarına adaptasyonu araştırılmıştır. Araştırmada çeşitlerin vejetatif periyot, tane dolum süresi, bitki boyu, m2'deki başak sayısı, başaktaki tane sayısı, 1000 tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, hasat indeksi ve ham protein oranları incelenmiştir. Ürün yıllarının ortalamasına göre çeşitlerin vejetatif periyodu 12.5-19.0 gün, tane dolum süresi 27.0-36.6 gün, bitki boyu 72.9-110 cm, m2'deki başak sayısı 445.8-709.2, başaktaki tane sayısı 21.3-47.4, 1000 tane ağırlığı 37.3-46.4 g, tane verimi 339.7-519.2 kg/da, hasat indeksi % 30.6-40.4, ham protein oranı ise %11.80-14.68 arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen karakterler yönünden çeşitler arasında önemli farklar bulunmuştur. En yüksek tane verimine Nacibey (519.2 kg/da) çeşidi sahip olmuş, bu çeşidi Atay 85 (501.1 kg/da) ve Aytın 98 (484.2 kg/da) çeşitleri takip etmiştir. En yüksek ham protein oranı Kırik (%14.68) çeşidinden elde edilmiş, bu çeşidi Aldane (%14.05) ve Tosunbey (%13.35) çeşitleri izlemiştir. Nispeten yüksek tane verimine ve protein oranına sahip Sönmez 2001, Tosunbey ve İzgi 2001 çeşitlerinin Erzurum yöresi için ümitvar çeşitler oldukları sonucuna varılmıştır.

Due to their important nutrition and health potential, the interest in einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) and emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) wheat, as well as naked barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum) species is increasing. The study examined the agricultural properties related to three einkorn wheats, three emmer wheats and two naked barleys, one bread wheat and one hulled barley in spring sowing under irrigated and rain-fed conditions. Depending on irrigated and rainfed agriculture conditions, the vegetative period of genotypes varied between 59.3-71.7 and 58.2-71.0 days, grain filling period varied between 29.8-38.0 and 26.7-33.8 days, plant height varied between 79.6-105.2 and 79.1-99.0 cm, the number of spike per square-meter varied between 533.3-682.5 and 457.5-573.3, the number of grains per spike varied between 16.1-22.6 and 13.6-20.0, the 1000-kernel weight varied between 31.2-54.6 g and 28.0-47.6 g, the grain yield varied between 2410-4099 kg ha -1 and 1716-2660 kg ha -1 , and the crude protein content varied between 10.1-13.5% and 10.4-14.8%, respectively. The highest grain yield was obtained from Tokak 157/37 barley cultivar, while the highest crude protein contents were obtained from einkorn genotypes. The number of spike per square-meter, the number of grains per spike, the 1000 kernel weight and the grain yield decreased by 14.6%, 9.4%, 8.7%, and 26.2% respectively, while the crude protein content increased by 8.2% under rain-fed agriculture conditions. It was determined that Özen and Yalın barley varieties could not be an alternative to Tokak 157/37 barley cultivar due to low grain yield and protein content. Einkorn cv. Çatalyazı and emmer wheat cv. Çağlayan in irrigated conditions, and all the einkorn and emmer genotypes in rain-fed conditions were superior to Kırik wheat genotype in terms of grain yield. The genotypes of the einkorn had a significantly higher grain protein content compared to the Kırik and emmer genotypes. It is possible to note that Çatalyazı and Çağlayan genotypes are promising cereals in Erzurum region.