No abstract

The study aimed to explore the current economic situation and services efficiency level of problems of beekeepers' union and honey producers' union in Turkey. Research data were collected from 73 beekeepers' union and 58 honey producers' union by using well-structured questionnaire. In the research, classical economic analysis approach was used to reveal socioeconomic structure of unions. When measuring the efficiency, we followed two stage procedure. In first stage, data envelopment analysis was used, while Tobit model was used to explore the inefficiency determinants in second stage. Research results showed that typical Turkish beekeeper's union obtained the ₺1,59 from each expenditure by ₺1. Economic condition of beekeeping unions was healthier than that of honey producers' union. 11% of the Turkish beekeepers and honey producers' unions were efficient, while the rest were inefficient. The most critical variables affected the efficiency level of unions were manager's profile and the number of union member. Service efficiency level would increase, if the number of union member increased and profile of managers were improved. The research suggested that the typical Turkish beekeepers' union would have 927 members to be efficient if they had no income sources without member fee. Keeping the basic record in the beekeepers' association and developing information management system would accelerate the efficiency improving in Turkey.

Araştırmanın temel amacı kivi yetiştiriciliği yapan tarım işletmelerinin üretim etkinliğini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma verileri, Çarşamba ilçesinde kivi yetiştiriciliği yapan 37 tarım işletmesinden anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. İşletme düzeyinde etkinlik ölçümlerinin tahmininde veri zarflama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, inceleme alanında kivi yetiştiren işletmelerin teknik, tahsis ve ekonomik etkinlik skorlarının sırasıyla 0.93, 0.76 ve 0.71olduğunu göstermiştir. İncelenen işletmeler kivi üretim maliyetlerini % 29 azaltma imkânına sahiptirler. Kivi yetiştiren tarım işletmelerinde var olan ekonomik yetersizliğin ana kaynağı, işletmelerin sahip olduğu üretim faktörlerini piyasa fiyatlarıyla uygun bir şekilde dağıtamamış olmalarıdır. İnceleme alanında işletme sermayesi, kivi arazisi, kivi satış fiyatı ve kivi üretim deneyimi değişkenleri ekonomik etkinliği pozitif yönde etkilerken, sosyal sigortaya sahip olmak ve pazarlama biçimi negatif yönde etkilemektedir. Bu durum girdi piyasasını daha iyi izleyen işletmelerin daha etkin olduğunu göstermiştir. Yayım çalışmaları ile üreticilerin kivi yetiştiriciliği konusunda bilgilendirilmesi ve örgütlenme aracılığıyla kiviyi götürü usulü bahçeden toptan pazarlama fırsatı ile inceleme alanında ekonomik etkinlik artırılabilecektir.

No abstract

In this research, it is aimed to investigate the economic performance of cotton farms and to reveal the profitability and competitiveness of cotton production in Founia district of Kita province. The research data were obtained from the questionnaires conducted with 55 farms determined according to the stratified random sampling method. Policy Analysis Matrix was used to determine profitability and competitiveness in cotton production. The results of the research showed that the farms in Founia county have an average of 10.44 da farm land. Gross production value per farm is $3519.89, agricultural income is $2197.42. According to the result obtained from PAM, private profit of cotton production in Founia district was 58.97 $/ton social profit was 1017.38 $/ton. Within the scope of the research, Specific Cost Ratio (PCR) coefficients of 0.77 and Cost Ratio of Domestic Resources (DRC) of 0.19 obtained from PAM were found. However, according to the Nominal Protection Coefficient on Output (NPCO) (0.30), Nominal Protection Coefficient on Tradable Inputs (NPCI) (0.87) and Effective Protection Coefficient (EPC) (0.20) coefficients, it is seen that the cotton price is lower than the comparable world prices and the producer earns less profit from free trade. Therefore, in the short term, incentive premiums, direct financial support, protection of cotton prices, good communication with farms and extension policies should be implemented. The increase in yield with the introduction of irrigation systems will increase competitiveness.The government and the Compagnie Malienne pour le Développement des Textiles (CMDT) should assist in the leasing and long-term purchase of modern farm machinery, which is one of the fixed capitals, in order to increase productivity.