Hyaluronic acid and epidermal growth factor accelerated the closure of acute tympanic membrane perforations in rats. This may make them clinically useful in augmenting the efficiency of conservative treatments of acute perforations of the tympanic membrane.

Background: We investigated the association of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio (MHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) with prognostic value and infarct types in patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Matherial and Methods: The study was carried out retrospectively in 223 patients, but after the exclusion criterion, 150 patients with acute ischemic CVD were included to the study. The complete blood count and lipid profile were examined at the admission of the patients. For initial neurologic status, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and for following-up, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score were evaluated. After the etiological investigations and neuroimaging, infarct types were defined. Results: We found that as the NIHSS score increased, LMR values decreased and NLR values increased statistically (p=0.02, p=0.013). Additionally, statistical significant differences were determined between MHR values and mRS scores (p=0.045). According to the results of regression analysis, it was observed that the increase of MHR was statistically significant on the MRS of people with cardioembolic infarction (p=0.004, StB=0.383). Conclusion: Our study provides, LMR and NLR values are related with the initial neurologic state, and they would be prognostic markers for the neurological deficit of acute cerebrovascular disease. MHR can be a follow-up marker for CVD and also a predictable marker for cardioembolic infarct type.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a major global problem, and as its pathogenesis is understood more clearly, therapeutic options expand accordingly. The mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c) is a novel mitochondria-derived protein acting on metabolic homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of serum MOTS-c in the pathophysiology of the disease in MS patients and to discuss the mechanism of MOTS-c. MethodologyIn total, 43 patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and 41 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. MOTS-c, fasting blood glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid panel, and body mass index levels were assessed. ResultsThe participants' MOTS-c levels remained significantly lower than that of the control group, while their fasting blood glucose and HOMA-IR values were higher. The multivariate logistic regression analysis established that increased MOTS-c levels could be a protective factor against the development of MS disease. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for MOTS-c was calculated as 0.782 (95% confidence interval = 0.684-0.879, p = 0.0001). ConclusionsThis study is the first to scrutinize MOTS-c levels in MS patients. We tried to provide clinical evidence that MOTS-c could act as a highly discriminative biomarker between MS patients and control groups, which may hold great promise for future therapeutic options.

Background: Galectins are a family of endogenous mammalian lectins involved in pathogen recognition, killing, and facilitating the entry of microbial pathogens and parasites into the host. They are the intermediators that decipher glycan-containing information about the host immune cells and microbial structures to modulate signaling events that cause cellular proliferation, chemotaxis, cytokine secretion, and cell-to-cell communication. They have subgroups that take place in different roles in the immune system. The effect of galectin-8 on multiple sclerosis disease (MS) has been studied in the literature, but the results seemed unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine anti-galectin-8 (anti-Gal-8) levels in MS and their potential use as biomarkers.Methods: In this experimental study, 45 MS patients diagnosed according to McDonald criteria were included in the patient group. The healthy control group contained 45 people without MS diagnosis and any risk factors. Demographic data, height, weight, body mass index, blood glucose, thyroid-stimulating hormone, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, low-density lipoprotein, anti-Gal-8 levels, the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease were recorded. In addition, the expanded disability status scale and disease duration were evaluated in the patient group. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviations. Results:The mean blood anti-galectin-8 value of the patient group was 4.84 ± 4.53 ng/mL, while it was 4.67 ± 3.40 ng/mL in the control group, and the difference in these values was found statistically insignificant (P > .05). Moreover, body mass index, glucose, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and low-density lipoprotein levels were also statistically insignificant (P > .05). Conclusion:This study examined anti-Gal-8 levels in MS patients. The relationship between MS and galectin-8 and anti-Gal-8 levels in patients needs further clarification. As a result, the study's results could help elucidate the pathogenesis of MS and give more evidence for diagnosis.Abbreviations: anti-Gal-8 = anti-galectin-8, CD = cluster of difference, CNS = central nervous system, DC = dendritic cell, EAE = experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EDSS = expanded disability status scale, Gal-8 = galectin-8, Gals = galectins, HPL = hyperlipidaemia, IL = interleukin, MS = multiple sclerosis, PS = phosphatidylserine, rGal-8 = recombinant Galectin-8.

Fahr Sendromu bazal ganglia, sentrum semiovale ve serebellumda kalsifikasyona yol açan, klinikte parkinsonizm ve bilişsel yıkım bulgularıyla karakterize bir hastalık olup hipoparatiroidizm ve psödohipoparatiroidizm gibi metabolik sorunlara bağlı olarak da görülebilir (1,2). Tipik radyolojik bulguları tanıya yaklaşımda yol göstericidir.