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Smaller onset age and onset of symptoms during breastfeeding were found associated with early tolerance development. In the majority of the patients, FPIAP resolves before the age of one year, however in some of the patients this duration may be much longer.

Background: There is no consensus as to whether allergic rhinitis (AR) is a cause of adenoid hypertrophy (AH). This study evaluated the role of allergy in AH, and it explored the role of nasal endoscopy and the history of diagnosing AR in children empirically. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 155 children consecutively in İzmir Behçet Uz Children's Hospital between January and September 2013. Results: Of the patients, 101 (65.2%) had a positive skin prick test. Multiple allergen sensitivity was identified in 76 (75.2%) of these patients. The history items of itching and sneezing had predictive value for empirically diagnosing AR in children. Of the nasal examination findings, only the nasal secretion characteristics had significant predictive value. AH and AR had a significant negative correlation. Conclusion:In this study, AH and AR were inversely related. The characteristics of the nasal secretions, itching, sneezing, were predictors of AR in children.

Introduction:Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare cause of alveolar hemorrhage, which is seen primarily in childhood. Celiac disease is defined as a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy of the small intestine, caused by exposure to dietary gluten in genetically pre-disposed individuals. Association of IPH and celiac disease is known as Lane Hamilton syndrome. There are limited number of case reports of this syndrome in literature.Case Presentation:Although there were no growth and developmental delay and gastrointestinal symptoms like chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, vomiting, abdominal bloating and pain in the two patients with IPH, they were diagnosed with Lane Hamilton Syndrome. After initiation of gluten-free diet, their IPH symptoms disappeared and hemoglobin levels were observed to return to normal.Conclusions:Even if there were no gastrointestinal symptoms in a patient with IPH, celiac disease should be investigated. These patients may benefit from gluten free diet and IPH symptoms may disappear.

IntroductionBronchiectasis (BE) is a parenchymal lung disease evolving as a result of recurrent lung infections and chronic inflammation. Although it has been shown in adult studies that mean platelet volume (MPV) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be used as biomarkers of airway inflammation, knowledge is limited in the paediatric age group. The aim of our study is to investigate the potential of MPV and NLR as biomarkers that may indicate acute exacerbations of non-cystic fibrosis BE in children.Material and methodsChildren with non-cystic fibrosis BE (n = 50), who were followed in the division of Paediatric Pulmonology of our hospital between June 2010 and July 2015, were involved in the present retrospective cross-sectional study. Haemogram values during acute exacerbations and non-exacerbation periods, and a control group were compared.ResultsIn children with bronchiectasis, the average leukocyte count (p < 0.001), platelet count (p = 0.018), absolute neutrophil count (p < 0.001), and NLR (p < 0.001) were higher, as expected, when compared with the control group. NLR values, in the period of acute exacerbation were significantly higher than the values of both the non-exacerbation periods (p = 0.02) and the control group (p < 0.001). In contrast, MPV values in the period of acute exacerbation did not exhibit a significant difference from those of non-exacerbation periods (p = 0.530) and the control group (p = 0.103).ConclusionsIt was concluded that leukocyte count, platelet count, absolute neutrophil count, and NLR can be used to show chronic inflammation in BE, but only NLR and absolute neutrophil count can be used as biomarkers to show acute exacerbations.