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Solid organ transplant patients constitute a special population in the emergency departments (EDs). Increasing numbers of patients are reported in EDs for transplantation-related complications. Complications related to organ transplantation can be categorized into four groups: anatomical, infection, rejection, and drug toxicity. In patients presenting to the ED, all these categories should be considered in the differential diagnosis. However, the exact etiology, may not be known until admission to the hospital for further evaluation. Therefore, every complaint from a transplant patient should be carefully evaluated. In this study, we will review the principles for the management of patients with renal transplantation in the ED. (JAEM 2015; 14: 83-7) Keywords: Renal failure, transplantation, emergency care IntroductionOrgan transplantation is one of the most significant achievements in medicine for treating patients with end-stage organ failure. As a result of its success, increasing numbers of patients are reported in the emergency departments (EDs) for transplantation-related complications. Solid organ transplant patients constitute a special population in the ED. In this study, we will review the principles for the management of patients with renal transplantation in the ED.The transplanted kidney lacks the native nerve innervations of its donor, and it is connected to multiple organs with surgical anastomosis. As a result, pain is an unreliable indication of the underlying pathology. Furthermore, it is important to consider the anatomical association of the transplanted organ in order to understand leaks and blockages that can occur at the sites of anastomosis. Vague signs and symptoms may develop as a result of inflammation and immunological responses to infection and malignancy. Therefore, every complaint from a transplant patient should be carefully evaluated. When major complaints are present, knowledge of the initial physiological condition of the allograft can help to rule in or rule out possible organ failure. Even minor changes in allograft functioning can indicate organ failure. The duration of time since the organ transplantation should always be considered when evaluating the patient's condition (1-3). Complications of Renal TransplantationOrgan transplantation-related complications can be categorized into four groups: anatomical, infection, rejection, and drug toxicity. In patients presenting to the ED, all these categories should be considered in the differential diagnosis. However, the exact etiology, may not be known until admission to the hospital for further evaluation (1, 2). A. Complications Related to Transplantation TechniqueTransplantation technique-related complications can develop during the preparation for transplantation and during the surgery. They can be divided into early-and late-stage complications (2). Early-stage complicationsEarly-stage complications can develop immediately after the surgical procedure or during the early postoperative period. They include general ...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia. AF is also associated with increased mortality, stroke and other thromboembolic disorders, cardiac failure and hospital admission, diminished quality of life, exercise intolerance, and left ventricular dysfunction. In the literature, there are many reports about the updated management of AF. This report aims at evaluating the previous guidelines and summarizing the prominent points. (Eurasian J Emerg Med 2015; 14: 138-41)

Introduction: Emergency calls are a challenging triangle that requires quick assessment, immediate action, and correct decision-making. The appropriate work environment and conditions of emergency healthcare workers result in this triangle's flawless functioning. This study aims to evaluate and overview the job satisfaction of the personnel working in emergency healthcare in Northern Cyprus. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the job satisfaction of the personnel working in emergency healthcare in Northern Cyprus. This research involved nurses, paramedics, and EMTs, who intervene in an emergency call. The participants' job satisfaction was evaluated by the scale developed by Güneri (2011). The scale score range was 47-235. A high score was considered as increased job satisfaction. Results: 132 personnel who work in emergency healthcare in Northern Cyprus participated in this study. 31.82% were aged between 36 and 49 years, 81.6 % were women, and 42.42% were undergraduates. 31.6% had worked for more than ten years. 39.39% (52) declared that they had occupational disease/accidents. 43.18% said they had received training more than two years ago. The participants' mean job satisfaction score was moderate (143.59 ± 26.86). Job satisfaction was higher in emergency call center personnel, high school graduates, and head nurses, working 40-50 hours a week, with seniority 1-4 years, and had integration training (p<0.05). Conclusion: Emergency healthcare personnel in Northern Cyprus are primarily nurses. Most of them have not received updated training recently. Studies in which most participants are paramedics will reflect the current situation more objectively. Therefore, structuring emergency health services as a separate unit within the Ministry of Health and the necessary regulations can increase job satisfaction even more.

Background: The emergency department usually takes a supine posteroanterior (PA) chest X-ray imaging in trauma patients. In some cases, pneumothorax is not seen in the chest X-ray because of the patient's position. These cases are called occult pneumothorax. Misdiagnosis of occult pneumothorax in the emergency department may lead to complications such as tension pneumothorax. This study aimed to update patients’ features with occult pneumothorax due to blunt or penetrating trauma. Methods: In this study, data of 615 thoracic trauma patients admitted to the emergency department between January 2008 and December 2010 were evaluated. In total, 157 patients had undergone both chest X-ray and chest computed tomography and were diagnosed with pneumothorax. Of the 157 patients, 52 were excluded due to some criteria. Data of 105 patient, including their characteristics, trauma types, accompanying traumas, etiology of the chest trauma, chest X-ray findings, and computed chest tomography results were recorded. Data obtained were compared with the results of similar studies conducted in the last 10 years. Chest computed tomography was considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of pneumothorax. Results: The mean patient age was 36.19 ± 14.74 years. Occult pneumothorax was detected in 8 of 105 patients, giving a 7.6% overall incidence of occult pneumothorax. A traffic accident was the most common cause of etiology. All occult pneumothorax cases were caused by blunt trauma, and tube thoracostomy was performed in all of them. No significant differences were found between pneumothorax and occult pneumothorax cases concerning the etiology, accompanied trauma, intervention types, and trauma reasons (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This study supports the incidence of occult pneumothorax reported in the literature. When a patient is admitted with thoracic trauma, a physician should carefully evaluate the patient through supine chest X-ray examination. Only one misdiagnosis in trauma patients can be lead to many unintentional clinical and forensic results.