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This chapter presents a novel application for wireless technology to assist visually impaired people. As an alternative to the medical model of rehabilitation, the information explosion era provides the foundation for a technological solution to lead the visually impaired to more independent lives in the community by minimizing the obstacles of living. A “SmartGuide” caregiver monitoring system is built as a standalone portable handheld device linked. The objective of this system is to assist blind and low vision people to walk around independently especially in dynamic changing environments. Navigation assistance is accomplished by providing speech guidance on how to move to a particular location. The system delivers dynamic environmental information to lead the visually impaired to more independent lives in the community by minimizing the obstacles of living. Information of changing environments such as road blockage, road closure, and intelligent navigation aids is provided to the user in order to guide the user safely to his or her destination. This system also includes a camera sensor network to enhance monitoring capabilities for an extra level of security and reliability.

Computer vision has become very important in recent years. It is no longer restricted to a single camera that is only capable of capturing a single image at any given time. In its place, stereo vision systems have been introduced that not only make use of dual cameras to capture multiple images at once, but they also simulate the exact same nature of the human eye vision. Stereo vision has turned out to be an important research component in the subdivision of computer vision and image processing that deals with the extraction of information from images for the purpose of video surveillance systems, mimicking the human vision for the visually impaired, for robotics, to control unmanned vehicles, for security purposes, virtual reality and 3 Dimensional (3D) televisions, etc. In this chapter, a comprehensive review of all recent algorithms such as stereo matching, object detection, tracking techniques for stereo vision are presented.

Abstract-This paper is inspired from various boundary determination techniques which are used for segregating colours between background, skin and lips. Basic concept for this technique is based on colour segmentation with CIELAB colour-space utilized for justifiable reasons. Using LAB colourspace, lips colours were compiled into a colour-map and processed accordingly to our proposed algorithm of adaptive circular enclosure. Algorithm output was determined as a series of coordinates symbolizing boundary values surrounding colour-map. Separation of colours is based on these boundaries by creating a freeform polygon that defines if colour-value either belongs within colour-boundary polygon or not. This technique is famously known as the point in-polygon technique. Proposed technique evaluation uses XM2VTS database based on false-positive and false-negative to compute segmentation error. Simulation shows proposed algorithm yields segmented error of 5.55% with accuracy of 94.45%.