A series of homoleptic bis(terpyridine)copper(ii) complexes of the type [Cu(L(1-5))2]Cl2 (), where L(1-5) = 4'-(4-substituted)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridines, have been synthesized and characterized. The molecular structure of complex was confirmed by the single crystal XRD technique, and the geometry of the complexes is best described as distorted octahedral. Structural parameters from the crystallographic and DFT studies are in good agreement with each other. The small HOMO-LUMO energy gap supports bioefficacy of the complexes. DNA binding studies show high intrinsic binding constant values 1.53 ± 0.15, 1.62 ± 0.08 and 3.09 ± 0.12 × 10(5) M(-1) for complexes , and , respectively, with intercalative mode of binding to CT-DNA. The binding results were further supported by molecular docking studies. The experimental results indicate that the interaction between the complexes and BSA protein involves a static quenching mechanism. The molecular docking studies with c-Met tyrosine kinase receptors show hydrophobic and π-π interactions. All the complexes bring about hydroxyl radical mediated DNA cleavage in the presence of H2O2. In vitro cytotoxicities of the complexes () were tested against three cancerous cell lines, namely human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), epithelioma (Hep-2) and cervical (HeLa) cell lines, and one non-tumorigenic human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cell line by MTT reduction assay. The morphological assessment data obtained using Hoechst 33258 staining revealed that complex induces apoptosis much more effectively than the other complexes.

The thiosemicarbazone-based copper(i) complexes causing S phase arrest and apoptosis involving the mitochondrial controlled pathway has been investigated.

A series of heteroleptic copper(II) complexes of the type [Cu(L 1-6 )(nap)Cl] (1-6) (L 1-6 = 4'-(4-substituted)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridines, nap = naproxen drug) have been synthesized and characterized. The single crystal analysis of complexes 1 and 6 show distorted octahedral geometry around copper(II) ion. Structural parameters from the crystallographic and DFT studies are in good agreement with each other. HOMO-LUMO energy levels are constructed and the corresponding theoretical frontier energy gaps are calculated to realise the charge transfer occurring in the molecule, and the lowering of HOMO-LUMO band gap supports bioactive property of the molecule. Electrochemical studies show one-electron irreversible reduction process in the cathodic potential (E pc ) region from -0.75 to -0.82 V. The obtained room temperature magnetic moment values (1.82-1.93 BM), XRD and EPR spectral data support distorted octahedral geometry for the copper(II) complexes. The binding studies of complexes 1, 5 and 6 with CT-DNA imply groove mode of binding, and the complex 5 exhibits highest binding affinity than the other complexes. The binding results were further supported by molecular docking studies. The higher binding propensity of complex 5 containing R5 was proved by computationally derived factors such as chemical potential (µ), 2 chemical hardness (η), electrophilicity (ω) and nuclease independent chemical shift (NICS).All the complexes display pronounced nuclease activity against supercoiled pBR322 DNA. In vitro antiproliferative activity of the complexes 1, 5 and 6 against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were carried out by MTT assay, which shows the potent activity of 1 and 5 with lower IC 50 values with respect to cisplatin and comparable to doxorubicin. The complexes induce mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis with increase in G 0 -G 1 and subsequent arrest in the S phase, in cell cycle evolution. ___________________________________________________________________________In recent decades, tremendous interest has been devoted to complexes of the tri-hetero aromatic planar terpyridines in the area of bio-inorganic and medicinal chemistry due to their splendid complexing properties, geometric viewpoint, synthetic simplicity, catalytic behaviour, and in asymmetric catalysis, as well as eminent edifice blocks in both organic and inorganic supramolecular chemistry because of their π stacking competence [9][10][11]. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which are among the most frequently prescribed drugs in modern medicine have exhibited chemopreventive and anti-tumorigenic activity by reducing the number and size of carcinogen-induced colon tumors and exhibiting a synergistic role on the activity of certain antitumor drugs [12]. Naproxen is one of the most important enantiomeric pure compound, where the (S)-enantiomer is the active ingredient in an anti-inflammatory drug, while the (R)-enantiomer is a liver toxin. The (S)-enantiomer naproxen is utilized for anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect...

The results strongly support that MEIC shows potent antitumor and cytotoxic effects against EAC, DLA and human cancer cell lines. The extract prevents lipid peroxidation and promotes the enzymatic antioxidant defense system in tumor bearing animals which might be due to activities like scavenging of free radicals by the phytochemicals in MEIC.

Four new heteroleptic silver(I) complexes with the general formula [Ag(L1–4)(nap)] (1–4), where L1–4 =  2-(1-(4-substitutedphenyl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide and nap = naproxen, have been synthesized and characterized. The geometric parameters determined from density functional theory and UV-Vis studies indicate distorted tetrahedral geometry around silver(I) ion. Fourier transform infrared (FT IR) spectra evidenced asymmetric bidentate coordination mode of carboxyl oxygen atoms of naproxen with silver(I) ion. The complexes are stable for 72 h and biocompatibility was analysed towards normal human dermal fibroblast cells, which showed non-toxic nature up to 100 ng/ml. In vitro anti-proliferative activity of the complexes by MTT assay was tested against three human cancerous cell lines and one non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10a) in which the complex 4 exhibited enhanced activity. The morphological changes observed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide and Hoechst 33258 staining method reveal apoptosis-inducing ability of the complexes. The molecular docking studies suggest hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic and π-pair interactions with the active site of epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and lipoxygenase receptors.