This paper questions the appropriateness of island spatial development policies that are initiated and managed by mainland actors. Jeju is an autonomous subnational island jurisdiction (SNIJ) of South Korea. Over the past decades, Jeju has been developed as a tourist destination, international free city, and special economic zone as part of a spatial development policy led by South Korea's central government. These developments have improved Jeju's economy, but they have also rendered the island's economy increasingly open, making the island vulnerable to external shocks, weakening its self-sufficiency, and occasioning cultural and social tensions. Jeju's top-down economic and spatial development policy has led to a vicious cycle of accepting central government-led development policies, thereby decreasing the island's de facto economic and political autonomy.

Islands are associated with both high levels of autonomous status and sovereign status on the one hand and the creation of exceptional spaces on the other, both linked with the development of distinctive island cultures. This article argues that there is a tension between these tendencies, as is illustrated by the case of Jeju Island, South Korea. Jeju is a self-governing province and subnational island jurisdiction (SNIJ). Its autonomy is rooted in contested understandings of Jeju natives as an Indigenous people, distinct from the people of the Korean Peninsula. In practice, however, Jeju’s autonomy is used as a tool for containing a special economic zone (SEZ) aimed at attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to South Korea as a whole. By taking an island studies approach, this paper shows how Jeju’s ostensible Indigenous autonomy has been compromised by the island’s use as an exceptional space crafted in conscious relation to the mainland. Key governance mechanisms on Jeju do not prioritise Indigenous rights. Studies of island political and economic development require careful analysis of how diverse political and economic processes are influenced by islandness itself.

The electrical properties and defect states in ZnO substrates were studied during high-energy electron beam irradiations. 1 MeV and 2 MeV electron-beam with dose of 1×10 16 electrons/cm 2 were irradiated on Zn-surface of the sample. In the sample irradiated by 1 MeV, the leakage current was increased by electron-beam induced surface defects, while the enhancement of on/off property and the decrease of leakage current appeared in the 2 MeV irradiated sample. From the deep level transient spectroscopy measurements for these samples, it showed that the defect states with the activation energies of E c-0.33 eV and E v +0.8 eV are generated during the high energy electron-beam irradiation. Especially, it considered that the E c-0.33 eV state related with O-vacancy affects to their electrical properties.