Our data suggest that clindamycin treatment of patients with severe iGAS infections substantially reduces mortality and that this effect may be enhanced by concurrent treatment with IVIG. The dramatically increased risk of iGAS disease among household contacts within 1 month of the index case highlights a potential role for antibiotic prophylaxis.

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Supracondylar humeral fractures are common in paediatric trauma. Prehospital management should focus on assessing and preserving the neurovascular integrity of the affected limb and on reducing pain. Secure immobilization and adequate analgesia are vital to achieving these aims. Currently, there is no consensus as to how to best immobilize the limb or to provide analgesia in the prehospital setting for a suspected supracondylar fracture. This article suggests an examination technique to assess the neurovascular status of the injured limb, and reviews some of the current methods of immobilization and analgesia used for prehospital management of supracondylar fractures.