ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışmada Afyonkarahisar Devlet Hastanesi poliklinik hastalarının idrar kültürlerinde üreyen Gram negatif etkenlerin dağılımı ve antibiyotik direnç durumunun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız-da 2012-2013 yılları arasında hastanemiz mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gön-derilen poliklinik hastalarının idrar örnekleri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Üreyen bakteriler konvansiyonel ve/veya otomatik Vitec 2.0 sistemi ile çalı-şılmıştır. Antibiyotik duyarlılıkları Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemiyle veya Vitec sistemiyle değerlendirilmiş; Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) kriterlerine göre yorumlanmıştır. Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (GSBL) varlığı çift disk sinerji testi (ÇDST) veya otomatik sistem ile araştırıl-mıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya poliklinik hastalarından 671 izolat dahil edilmiş-tir. İzole edilen suşların 427'sinin (% 63.6) Escherichia coli, 165'inin (% 24.6) Klebsiella spp., 22'sinin (% 3.3) Pseudomonas spp., dokuzunun (% 1.3) Acinetobacter spp., 41'inin (%6.1) Proteus spp., yedisinin (% 1.0) Serratia spp. olduğu saptanmıştır. E.coli izolatlarının 97'sinde (% 22.8), Klebsiella spp. izolatlarının 41'inde (% 24.8) GSBL pozitifliği izlenmiştir. En sık izole edilen tür olan E.coli için, suşların % 31.1'i trimetoprim-sülfametoksazole, % 16'sı siprofloksasine, % 3.6'sı nitrofrontoine dirençli olarak saptanmıştır. Enterobactericeae suşlarında karbapenem grubu antibiyotiklere direnç saptanmazken, aminoglikozid grubu antibiyotiklere duyarlılık oranı yüksek bulunmuştur. Tartış-ma: Üriner sistem infeksiyonlarının sağaltımında; her geçen gün artan antimikrobiyal direnç oranlarına sahip mikroorganizmaları göz önünde bulundurmak, GSBL üretimini ve direnç gelişimini önlemek için; hastanede yatan hastalarda olduğu gibi ayaktan hastalara da doğru endikasyonda antibiyotik kullanılmasına büyük bir titizlik gösterilmesi, uygunsuz ve gereksiz antibiyotik kullanımından kaçınılması gerekmektedir. Anahtar KelimelerAntimikrobiyal Direnç; E.coli; ESBL; İdrar Kültürü; Enfeksiyon Abstract Aim: In this study, we aimed to examine the distributon of Gram negative bacteria isolated from urine cultures of out-patients in Afyonkarahisar State Hospital and evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates of these pathogens. Material and Method: Urine samples of out-patients which were sent to microbiology laboratory between 2012-2013 were retrospectively evaluated. The isolates were identified using conventional methods and/or automated Vitec 2.0 system. Antibiogram sensitivities were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method or automated system and interpreted on the basis of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CSI) criteria. Double disc sinergy test (DDST) or Vitec 2.0 system was used to detect extended spectrum betalactamase (ESBL).When conventional methods could't be clarified according to their colony morphologies, gram staining patterns, biochemical test; automated system has been used. Results: A total of 671 isolates acquired from urine samples were studied. 427 Es...
Objective: In this study, we aim to evaluate and determine the distribution and frequency of infectious diseases and the hospitalization rates of in-and out-patients aged 65 or above applying to the emergency department. Methods: All the patients over 65 were included in this retrospective study. Patients' records were scanned for computer-assisted patient record system. The diagnosis were made according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) system. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: During the study period, of the total of 271 561 admissions to the emergency department, 27 516 (10.1%) patients were over 65 years old. The number of patients in this age group diagnosed according to ICD-10 coding of infectious diseases were 6802 (24.7%) and 48% were female while 52% were male. The most common infectious diseases responsible for admissions were upper respiratory tract infection (41.9%), lower respiratory tract infection (33.7%), urinary tract infection (11.1%), and acute gastroenteritis (8.5%). Of these patients, 11.2% were hospitalized, 88% were discharged from the hospital with intervention and treatment, 0.7% were referred to an advanced health institution, and 0.1% died. Conclusions:The percentage of elderly people applying to the emergency department is increasing. Advanced age and underlying diseases are predisposing factors for infection. Taking into account that laboratory and clinical findings in geriatric patients may be different than young adults, we think closer attention must be paid to this patient group. Klimik Dergisi 2015; 28(2): 76-9.
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