Real-time detection of substance use is an approach of
high interest
leading to the optimization of behavioral interventions and drug abuse
intervention. The current methods in use suffer many limitations and
need high logistical and laboratory requirements. Biosensors have
shown a great potential in overcoming these limitations. In the present
study, the electrochemical biosensor composed of a screen-printed
electrode (SPE) was designed for the detection of synthetic cannabinoid
(SC). Antibody-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles were also used to
create a surface on the transducer with magnetic interactions in order
to detect JWH-073 as a SC model. The use of immobilized magnetic nanoparticles
to create working surfaces makes the electrode a reusable SPE which
can be reutilized after the cleansing. To examine and observe any
possible changes on the surface due to its interaction with the analyte,
different electrochemical techniques such as differential pulse voltammetry,
cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectrometry were
applied. Based on the obtained results, the linearity of the biosensor
was found between 5 and 400 ng/mL, and the detection limit was calculated
as 22 ng/mL (n = 6) using the 3 Sb/m formula. The
biosensor functionality was studied in the presence of some related
interferents that showed lower responses than JWH-073, thus demonstrating
the good selectivity of the prepared biosensor. Finally, the sensory
platform was used to test synthetic urine sample, and the results
were compared with obtained results from liquid chromatography quadrupole
time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS), which showed that the
proposed method could be utilized to identify abuse drugs.
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