Electrophysiological methods were used to test the visual sensitivity of European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to wavelengths ranging from 300 to 700 nm. For male and females tested, a main, peak response occurred in the 460–540 nm range (blue-green wavelengths) with females having a generally lower response to wavelengths in that range. A second smaller peak was observed for both sexes at the 340–420 nm range. A general linear model indicated that males, virgin females, and mated females did not react differently to changes in wavelength. No moths showed any obvious sensitivity to wavelengths between 580 and 700 nm. Based on our retinal recording data we suggest that UV light traps (≤480 nm) could be utilized alongside pheromone traps when monitoring L. botrana in high risk areas.

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive species, nowadays worldwide listed among the key agricultural pests. Native of China, Japan and Korea, BMSB is a very polyphagous stink bug with an increasing list of recorded host plants (Hamilton et al., 2018). When it becomes established, it represents a major threat for several commercial crops such as apple (Bergh et al., 2019), hazelnuts (Hedstrom et al., 2014), kiwi (Chen et al., 2020, pears and peaches (Nielsen & Hamilton, 2009).Brown marmorated stink bug was first recorded in Italy in 2012, and since then it rapidly spread reaching high densities in the north of the country (Maistrello et al., 2018;Malek et al., 2019). In this area, olive trees (Olea europaea L.) produce modest quantities of high-quality extra virgin olive oil for both local market and export.Previous observations suggested that the damage of BMSB feeding activity on olive can be severe (D'Ascenzo et al., 2020;Damos et al., 2019) and that it may be associated with early drop (Minuto, 2021). Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of BMSB feeding activity on developing olives by assessing

BACKGROUND Classical biological control has been identified as the most promising approach to limit the impact of the invasive pest species Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). This study investigated the parasitism rate at sites where the biocontrol agent Trissolcus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) was released and where its unintentional introduction took place, in the Trentino–South Tyrol region. The effect of land‐use composition was studied to understand which factors favor the establishment of hosts and parasitoids, including native and exotic species. RESULTS The released T. japonicus were detected a year after the start of the program, with a significant parasitoid impact and discovery, compared to control sites. Trissolcus japonicus was the most abundant H. halys parasitoid, and Trissolcus mitsukurii and Anastatus bifasciatus were recorded also. The efficacy of T. mitsukurii was lower in sites where T. japonicus was successfully established, suggesting a possible competitive interaction. Parasitism level by T. japonicus at the release sites was 12.5% in 2020 and 16.4% in 2021. The combined effect of predation and parasitization increased H. halys mortality up to 50% at the release sites. Landscape composition analysis showed that both H. halys and T. japonicus were more likely to be found at sites with lower altitude and with permanent crops, whereas other hosts and parasitoids preferred different conditions. CONCLUSION Trissolcus japonicus showed a promising impact on H. halys, at release and adventive sites, with minor nontarget effects, mediated by landscape heterogeneity. The prevalence of T. japonicus in landscapes with permanent crops could support IPM in the future. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.