Objective. To compare the correlation between juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) measures of disease activity and damage in patients with early and late disease. Methods. Three cohorts of patients with JIA disease duration <1 year (early disease, n ‫؍‬ 70), 5-9.9 years (advanced disease, n ‫؍‬ 114), and >10 years (longstanding disease, n ‫؍‬ 39) were studied. Measures included physician's global assessment of overall disease activity (MD global), parent's global assessment of the child's well-being (parent global) and pain (parent pain), joint counts, Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein level, and Poznanski score of radiographic damage. Results. In all cohorts, the MD global assessment was generally well correlated with the other variables, except the Poznanski score. The parent global assessment was correlated strongly with the parent pain assessment and moderately with the CHAQ irrespective of disease duration. Correlations between the CHAQ and the joint counts were low in early disease, moderate in advanced disease, and high to moderate in longstanding disease. Correlation between the CHAQ and the Poznanski score was low in early and advanced disease and moderate in longstanding disease. The Poznanski score was highly correlated with the number of joints with restricted motion in longstanding disease. Conclusion. We found important differences in the level of correlation between JIA measures of activity and damage in patients with different lengths of disease duration. These findings have important implications for clinical trials because they indicate that the responsiveness of some variables and their correlation with other variables change as disease duration changes.

The IR of FEP found by the Bologna study is lower than that found by other European studies. However, as in other studies, the incidence was higher in certain groups. This heterogeneity has implications for policy and mental health service development, and for understanding the aetiology of psychosis.

A wide within-patient and between-patient variability in the longitudinal course of functional disability was found. Children with early disease onset and a greater number of restricted joints had the highest risk of developing long-term physical disability.

Mild TC induced by AIA can be detected in a sizeable proportion of children with recurrent/chronic dry cough. The identification of this anomaly, that may at least partially explain the origin of their symptom, may avoid further unnecessary diagnostic examinations and ineffective chronic treatments.

First generation migrants had better occupational outcomes. Further cross-cultural studies are needed to further explain these findings.