Two algorithms of few-view tomography are compared, specifically, the iterative Potts minimization algorithm (IPMA) and the algebraic reconstruction technique with TV-regularization and adaptive segmentation (ART-TVS). Both aim to reconstruct piecewise-constant structures, use the compressed sensing theory, and combine image reconstruction and segmentation procedures. Using a numerical experiment, it is shown that either algorithm can exactly reconstruct the Shepp-Logan phantom from as small as 7 views with noise characteristic of the medical applications of X-ray tomography. However, if an object has a complicated high-frequency structure (QR-code), the minimal number of views required for its exact reconstruction increases to 17–21 for ART-TVS and to 32–34 for IPMA. The ART-TVS algorithm developed by the authors is shown to outperform IPMA in reconstruction accuracy and speed and in resistance to abnormally high noise as well. ART-TVS holds good potential for further improvement.
аннотациЯ В статье рассматриваются две основные задачи бухгалтерского учета, которые в конце xIx в. были сформулированы итальянским профессором Винченцо Джитти, а именно создание научно обо-снованной теории и разработка методов бухгалтерского учета, соответствующих потребностям современных предприятий. Отмечается, что на современном этапе развития бухгалтерского учета данные задачи не потеряли своей актуальности. Несмотря на все предпринимаемые попытки, об-щепризнанной научной теории бухгалтерского учета до сих пор нет, а существующие методы не соответствуют потребностям организаций, созданных в форме крупных интегрированных структур. Проведенное исследование показало, что на сегодняшний день в экономике Российской Федерации значительную долю занимают организации, осуществляющие финансово-хозяйственную деятель-ность через дочерние и зависимые общества. На организации с разветвленной интегрированной структурой, которая включает в себя дочерние и зависимые общества, а также аффилированные лица, приходятся не менее 37% совокупного выпуска российских организаций (общая выручка ор-ганизаций) и существенная доля капитализации российских организаций. Автором аргументирован-но отстаивается позиция, согласно которой существующие методы консолидации, предусмотренные международными стандартами финансовой отчетности, находятся вне методологии бухгалтерского учета, что, в свою очередь, актуализирует проблему разработки методологии консолидированного учета. Ключевые слова: интегрированные корпоративные структуры; международные стандарты финансовой от-четности; методология бухгалтерского учета; теория бухгалтерского учета; история бухгалтерского учета; консолидированная финансовая отчетность; консолидированный финансовый учет; бухгалтерский фи-нансовый учет In the article, two main tasks of accounting are considered, which were formulated by Italian professor Vincenzo Giitti at the end of the nineteenth century, namely, the task of creating a scientifically sound accounting theory, and the task of developing accounting methods that meet the needs of modern enterprises. It is noted that at the present stage of development of accounting, these tasks have not lost their relevance. Despite all the attempts made, the generally recognized scientific theory of accounting has not yet been created, and the existing methods of accounting do not correspond to the needs of organizations created in the form of large integrated structures. The conducted research has shown that presently in the economy of the Russian Federation the significant share is occupied by the organizations carrying out financial and economic activity through affiliated and dependent societies. Organizations with a branched, integrated structure that includes subsidiaries and affiliates, as well as affiliated persons, account for at least 37% of the aggregate output of Russian organizations (total revenue of organizations) and a significant share of the capitalization of Russian organizations. The author argues that the existing consolidation methods provided for by ...
Th e article considers the problem of active-passive accounts in theory and methodology of Russian accounting. On the example of the materialistic theory of two classes of accounts, in which there are no active-passive accounts, proves the possibility of constructing a consistent accounting theory. Th e theoretical inconsistency of introducing active-passive accounting accounts into modern theory and practice is proved. In conclusion, a new defi nition of active and passive accounts is given from the standpoint of the formal-axiomatic accounting theory.
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