Одной из главных задач, стоящих перед экономикой России, является масштабная модернизация и цифровая трансформация всех ее отраслей, в том числе водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства. Технологическое отставание, изношенность основных фондов и недостаток инвестиций сдерживают развитие отрасли. В этих условиях необходимо разработать подходы и механизмы для обеспечения цифровой трансформации водоканалов. Практика показывает, что начинать следует не с закупки дорогостоящего программного обеспечения, а с разработки модели деятельности предприятия ВКХ. В результате исследования предложен подход к созданию цифровой модели водоканала на основе интеграции методов онтологического моделирования его деятельности, инструментов модернизации водоканалов и компьютерных технологий. Рассмотрен ряд эффективных инструментов модернизации водоканалов: ГИС- и BIM-технологии, методы управления объектами систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и др. Обосновано понятие цифровая модель деятельности водоканала и предложена структура основных элементов концептуального уровня этой модели с учетом специфики ВКХ. Практическое применение нового подхода будет способствовать эффективной цифровой трансформации водоканалов и ускоренному развитию отрасли при своевременном обновлении основных фондов с учетом экономии затрат и повышения качества услуг.One of the main challenges the Russian economy faces is the major upgrade and digital transformation of all the sectors including water supply and sanitation systems. The technological inferiority, depreciation of fixed assets and lack of investments hinder the development of the water industry. In these conditions, developing approaches and mechanisms to ensure the digital transformation of water utilities is required. Practice shows that one should start not with purchasing expensive software, but with developing a model of a water utility. As a result of the study, an approach to developing a digital model of a water utility based on the integration of ontological modeling its activities, modernization tools for water utilities and computer technology was proposed. A number of effective tools for upgrading water utilities are considered: GIS- and BIM-technologies, methods of operating water supply and sanitation facilities, etc. The concept of a digital model of the water utility activities is substantiated and the structure of the basic elements of the conceptual level of this model considering the specifics of the water utilities is proposed. The practical application of the new approach will contribute to the effective digital transformation of water utilities and the enhanced development of the water industry with timely updating fixed assets, taking into account cost savings and improving the quality of services.

Our previous work in the field of formalization, modeling, and design of adaptive training complexes (ATCs) revealed the low accuracy of the traditional expert approach to selecting ATC components. The study addresses the practical scientific problem of classifying and selecting visualization tools and technologies for designing ATC. Currently, this is done using highly subjective expert evaluation. Therefore, we develop a methodology for the selection of visualization tools and technologies to reduce the influence of the human factor by applying a set of main criteria for visualization component evaluation. Classification is based on the facet approach. We create an original technique that allows users to formalize the main objects of a technical system needing a training complex. It allows users to correlate these aspects to the visualization components and to group, evaluate, and rank them. Integration time, use-cost and component visualization quality, training quality, and time are important variables in the methodology. The use of lexicographic optimization methods or linear convolution of criteria is proposed to obtain an optimal solution from the final Pareto-set. The proposed component selection method has several advantages, compared with the classical approach: greater objectivity of the obtained estimates, better development, and further software implementation automation. Thus, this method addressed the problem of choosing the components of ATC visualization. The significance of the study is in the development of the original algorithmic and mathematical software for the method of selecting ATC visualization components.

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The paper reveals the issues of organizing postgraduate support of graduates of a pedagogical university through the interaction of the Extended Education Institution and specialized departments of OSPI. The construction of a system of postgraduate support is based on the results of diagnostics of professional deficiencies of young educators. The proposed content and forms of organization of training ensure the choice of an individual educational route for a young educator and the elimination of existing deficiencies.

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