The wheeled running gear of an agricultural tractor must have sufficient traction and coupling properties to ensure that the tractor fulfills its main function. The solution to these problems depends to a large extent on the search and implementation of measures for improving and developing new tire designs, which are the main element of the wheel drive that meets modern requirements. The developing of new pneumatic tires requires creating a new formulation of rubber and materials, the use of rubber-oligomeric compositions that allow implementing new, advanced technologies in the manufacture of tires. Currently, tires based on rubber-oligomeric compositions are being created. In particular, the Austrian company Lim developed a range of wide-section tires based on oligomers. As a result of tests of tires for class 3 tractors, it was determined that the oligomer tire 66×43.00-25 has the best traction and energy performance on all supporting foundations, compared to the serial tire 21.3R24.

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The current paper has presented the study on theoretical dependences of the optimization parameter (the degree of transmission transparency) on the design factors of elastic-damping mechanism (EDM) in the transmission for tractors of small traction class (14 kN). The purpose of the study was to obtain a unified functional relationship that integrates early study results. The determination of a unified function was based on reaching a compromise by the method of indefinite Lagrange multipliers. With the help of the function, there have been obtained the dependences of the effect of EDM design factors on transmission processes when performing the main agricultural operations. Using a method based on finding a compromise solution (method of indefinite Lagrange multipliers), there have been substantiated design parameters of the elastic-damping mechanism in the tractor transmission and there has been identified an optimization parameter of the Lagrange function. For a better understanding of the obtained dependence, there has been carried out a three-dimensional visual analysis. Each factor used in the Lagrange function was a physical parameter of an elastic-damping mechanism. The resulting equation has given an opportunity to control mechanism parameters in natural operating conditions. The obtained Lagrange value has demonstrated that the mechanism absorbs 32% of fluctuations in the external traction load of a tractor, when working with the main agricultural tools.

The chapter deals with a numerical simulation of a machine-tractor unit with an elastic-damping mechanism installed between an engine and a tractor transmission while fulfilling an agricultural performance (sowing). The mechanism is a complex system. The description of an elastic-damping mechanism shows all its advantages. There has been given a theoretical substantiation of a transparency level effect on a machine-tractor unit performance while sowing. The purpose of the work is to conduct theoretical study to identify the effect of an elastic-damping mechanism in a tractor transmission on working characteristics of a sowing machine. There has been obtained a regression equation and identified optimum parameters of an elastic-damping mechanism installed in a tractor transmission. There has been also given a substantiation of an expediency to install an elastic-damping mechanism in a tractor transmission for sowing grain crops.

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