В работе представлены данные по исследованию пробиотических свойств штаммов Bacillus subtilis GM2 и GM5. В опытах использовали 90 односуточных цыплятбройлеров кросса Кобб 500 , которые были случайным образом разделены на три группы: контрольную группу с основной диетой и две опытные группы (по 30 цыплят в каждой из групп), в рацион которых добавляли споры B. subtilis GM2 (группа 1) и GM5 (группа 2). Показано, что добавление спор штаммов GM2 и GM5 в концентрации 1•10 7 КОЕ/г в рацион цыплят-бройлеров улучшает показатели роста, повышает усвояемость питательных веществ кормов и модулирует кишечную микрофлору. Использование пробиотиков стимулировало увеличение живой массы цыплят на 6.30% и 13.78% (p = 0.05) относительно контроля. Среднесуточный привес у цыплят опытных групп 1 и 2 составил в среднем 52.82 ± 0.36 г и 56.54 ± 0.47 г на одного цыпленка, что выше показателей контрольной группы (49.69 ± 0.40 г) на 6.30% и 13.79% (p = 0.05) соответственно. Внесение в корма пробиотиков увеличивало количество молочнокислых бактерий в содержимом как тонкого кишечника, так и слепого кишечника (в меньшей степени)из содержимого кишечника цыплят выделены и идентифицированы бактерии, относящиеся к семействам Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae и Clostridiaceae. Ветеринарносанитарная экспертиза установила, что мясо цыплят опытных групп соответствует всем требованиям по органолептическим, физико-химическим и бактериоскопическим характеристикам ГОСТ. Таким образом, пробиотики на основе новых штаммов B. subtilis GM2 и GM5 положительно влияют на рост цыплят-бройлеров и усвояемость кормов. Ключевые слова: пробиотики, Bacillus subtilis GM2, Bacillus subtilis GM5, цыплятабройлеры, продуктивность, микробиота кишечника Введение Активный рост общей численности населения (согласно отчету Организации Объединенных Наций [1], уже к 2050 г. в мире будет проживать до 9 млрд человек) обусловливает непрерывно увеличивающийся спрос на продукты питания как растительного, так и животного происхождения. В связи с этим актуален поиск новых путей интенсификации продовольственного производства при одновременном снижении издержек и поддержании высоких стандартов качества и безопасности (для людей и окружающей среды) [2].
It is hard to overestimate the value of honey since the constituent substances in it are of great importance in the food industry and medicine. The quality of honey is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation (GOST). But the levels of these standards are regulated by outdated methods of analysis, which can not give reliable results. The detection of antibiotic residues in honey is a central issue in the quality and safety control of this product. Accumulation of drugs in honey used to treat bee colonies can cause allergies and dysbiosis in people who have eaten such honey, as well as develop antibiotic resistance in microorganisms. At present, one of the promising directions in the field of detecting medicines in honey is the use of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It helps selectively and accurately detect antibiotic substances in honey bee products. In Russia, the HPLC method is used with mass spectrometry to detect tetracycline residues in honey. A significant drawback with this method that limits the widespread use of it is the application of expensive, technically sophisticated equipment that needs high-quality reagents and consumables. The purpose of this work was to develop the simultaneous identification of tetracycline antibiotics in honey and carry out their quantitative analysis by a reversed-phase HPLC method. A sample preparation algorithm was developed, and the conditions for chromatographing combined indication of tetracyclines in honey at an acceptable concentration according to the MRL (0.01 mg/kg) with Agilent 1260 Infiniti liquid chromatograph equipped with a column thermostat, a gradient pump, and a UV detector were selected. According to the results of the research, the most optimal condition for the simultaneous analysis of oxytetracycline, tetracycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline in honey by HPLC method with ultraviolet detection was a wavelength of 254 nm, a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min and a column temperature of 25° C. Under these conditions, the antibiotic retention time was determined: 4.069 minutes for oxytetracycline, 4.331 minutes for tetracycline hydrochloride, 4.642 minutes for chlortetracycline. The developed HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of tetracycline antibiotics in honey was tested on honey bee products from the regions of the Republics of Tatarstan and Bashkortostan.
The microwave setup for obtaining plasma-activated water (PAW) has been created. PAW contains significant concentrations of H2O2 and NO3−, has a reduced content of O2, high conductivity, a high redox potential and low pH. Likewise, the specific electrical conductivity and concentration of H2O2 and NO3− linearly depend on the treatment time. These parameters are simple and convenient markers for controlling the preparation of PAW. It has been established that PAW solutions with a concentration of 0.5–1.0% increase the germination energy, protect against fusarium and hyperthermia in cotton, wheat and strawberry seeds. In addition, PAWs have a positive effect on the growth rate of plants in the early stages of development. The use of PAW provides significant benefits over the chemical preparations Dalbron and Bakhor, so-called seed germination stimulators (SDS).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.