Resumo O presente trabalho objetivou produzir e avaliar painéis aglomerados empregando-se partículas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum) e de pínus (Pinus taeda, Pinus elliottii), comparando-se a eficiência de dois adesivos, ureia-formaldeído e poliuretano derivado do óleo de mamona. Os painéis foram preparados com 60% de partículas de pínus e com 40% de partículas de bagaço de cana. Foram avaliadas propriedades físicas (densidade, teor de umidade e inchamento em espessura após 24 h de imersão em água) e mecânicas (módulo de elasticidade, módulo de resistência à flexão estática e tração perpendicular às faces) dos painéis de acordo com os requisitos de uso das normas NBR 14810-1 (ABNT, 2013a), NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2013b) e EN-312. Os painéis confeccionados com poliuretano de mamona apresentaram maior eficiência, sendo compatíveis com os requisitos físicos e mecânicos das normas brasileiras e europeia para painéis do tipo P6 (painéis estruturais para uso em condições severas de carga, em condições secas). Os painéis produzidos com ureia-formaldeído são compatíveis com painéis classificados como P2 (painéis não estruturais para uso em condições secas). Dessa forma, os resultados alcançados comprovaram a eficácia dos painéis produzidos, que podem ser empregados nas indústrias moveleira e da construção civil.
Among the goals for sustainable development in Brazil, studies have been conducted to better use of industrial and agricultural waste to promote adequate final disposal of these and generate new materials that minimize the exploitation and use of natural resources. In this work, the proposal is to make and evaluate boards with nominal density of 0.80 g.cm-3 using sugar cane bagasse, sawdust and polyurethane resin derived from castor oil. Thus, three treatments with different percentages of particles and 10% of PU-castor were proposed for the preparation of boards that were pressed with a pressure of 50 kgf.cm-2, a temperature of 100°C and a pressing time of ten minutes. The boards were evaluated for their physical properties (density, moisture content and swelling) and mechanical (static flexure and perpendicular traction) according to NBR 14810: 2-2013 and presented average values density of 936 to 937 kg.m-3, swelling after 24 hours of 5.0 to 7.2%, modulus of resistance to static bending of 22 to 23 MPa and perpendicular traction of 0.71 to 0.87 MPa. The results obtained with the tests indicate the great potential of use of sugarcane bagasse and sawdust to produce boards of high density particles.
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