<p>For the replanting of the sugarcane crop, plants produced from buds of different reserve sizes and from different positions on the stem are used, without up to now an optimum reserve and position size has been determined to obtain a quality plant. Therefore, five treatments were evaluated for nutritional reserve: T1 (short reserve), T2 (without reserve), T3 (half reserve), T4 (long basal reserve) and T5 (long reserve superior) and for the position a design was used 2x3 factorial (two cultivars: MEX69-290 and COLPOSCTMEX05-223 and three yolk positions: basal, middle and apical), the treatments were distributed in a completely randomized arrangement. The buds were sown in unicel vessels with a liter capacity and sifted sand was used as substrate. It was evaluated; emergency percentage, root length and plant height. The results indicate that the use of buds with different positions in the stem is possible to produce seedlings of good quality, since more than 50% of sprouting was obtained in both cultivars. The results on nutrient reserves showed that T3 had the longest root length (36.2 cm) and T1 had the highest plant height (61.4 cm), showing that there is no direct relationship between plant height and root length. To obtain a quality plant it is enough to use short buds or half reserve and any position. For the commercial production of plants, it is recommended to plant in substrates rich in nutrients.</p>

Objective. To prepare the fertility classification for the sugarcane-cultivated soils in the Pujiltic Sugarcane Mill (PSM) supply area in order to improve decision-making. Design / methodology / approach. The soils were classified according to their fertility (FCC), using a system based on the quantifiable parameters of the upper soil layer and some characteristics of the subsoil directly linked to the growth of sugarcane. Results. Six factors limited the agricultural potential of the PSM soils: alkalinity, water excess or deficit, clay content, erosion, nutritional deficiencies, and low CEC, which alone or in groups act in detriment of soil fertility. Limitations / implications. Solving these problems requires a comprehensive analysis that considers crop type, planting season, and technology availability. Findings / conclusions. The soil fertility classification system enabled the classification of 11 soil subunits of the PSM area.

El estado de Tabasco es principal productor de palma de aceite. Elobjetivo del presente trabajo fue generar una dosis de fertilización por subunidad de suelo y un rendimiento potencial para la palma de aceite. Se utilizó la metodología del Sistema Integrado para Recomendar Dosis de Fertilizantes (SIRDF). Se obtuvieron ocho polígonos de Thiessen, los cuales se agruparon en polígonos de baja (1 281 a 1 623 mm), mediana (1 830 a 1 977 mm) y alta precipitación (> 2 044 mm). Además de 13 subunidades de suelos, de las cuales 11 están cultivadas con palma de aceite: Leptosol Réndzico (Húmico), Luvisol Gléyico (Arcíllico, Éutrico, Diferéntico), Acrisol Gléyico Crómico (Éutrico, Francoso, Cutánico, Diferéntico), Calcisol Pétrico Cámbico (Francoso, Rúptico), Cambisol Gléyico Éutrico (Francoso), Phaeozem Réndzico Léptico Cámbico (Arcíllico), Vertisol Pélico (Gléyico, Mesotrófico, Estágnico), Fluvisol Gléyico Calcárico (Arcíllico), Gleysol Oxigléyico Dístrico (Arcíillico, Vértico), Lixisol Abrúptico (Arcíllico, Cutánico), y Arenosol Dístrico (Alúmico). El análisis de suelos indica de mediana a baja fertilidad con deficiencia de N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, y B. Se generó la dosis de fertilizante para cada subunidad de suelo y para tres escenarios de rendimiento de fruta fresca. Se generó la recomendación de macro y micro nutrimentos para lograr una fertilización balanceada de la palma de aceite y su forma de aplicación.