Considering the executive functions as a transdiagnostic process in ED and obesity could provide explanations for the inability to regulate food intake, present in both ED and obese patients. Implications of these executive impairments in the development and maintenance of ED and obesity are discussed.

No abstract

A pilot study of the effects of metacognition-oriented social skills training (MOSST) on social functioning in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) reported promising results. The main purpose of the current trial was to compare the effectiveness and potential benefits of MOSST vs conventional social skills training (SST). Single-blind randomized controlled trial with 2 groups of patients aged 18-65 with SSDs on partial hospitalization. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive 16 group sessions with MOSST or conventional SST, both in addition to standard care, over 4 months, with a 6-month follow-up. Psychosocial functioning, metacognition, and symptom outcomes were measured by blind assessors. Statistical analyses used mixed models to estimate treatment effects in each postrandomization time point. Thirty-six patients were randomly assigned to the MOSST group and 33 patients to the conventional SST group. Between-group differences were significant in favor of MOSST on Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS) and Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) total scores at post-treatment and follow-up. Concerning PSP subscales, there were significant between-group differences in favor of MOSST at follow-up on socially useful activities, personal and social relationships, and disturbing and aggressive behaviors. Metacognition only improved following MOSST group. For people with SDDs, MOSST appears to have short- and long-term beneficial effects on social functioning and symptoms. Further studies are required to replicate the current results in other samples.

ada vez que una persona consulta por problemas de salud mental, los clínicos nos enfrentamos con la amplitud de la experiencia humana que se despliega inmediatamente después de la primera pregunta obligada: ¿qué es lo que te ha motivado a venir a consulta? La singularidad de cada persona nos conecta a menudo con el inevitable dilema del psicoterapeuta. Las propuestas de intervención procedentes de las guías clínicas, fundamentadas en investigación nomotética, pueden resultar poco sensibles a las necesidades particulares de los pacientes (Castonguay, Constantino y Beutler, 2019a; Castonguay, Constantino y Xiao, 2019b; Goldfried y Wolfe, 1996). La intrincada relación entre investigación y práctica clínica es tan antigua como la propia psicoterapia (Cautin, 2011; Meehl, 1957). La dimensión más nuclear quizás subyace en el problema epistemológico de reconciliar los principios nomotéticos e idiográficos que definen respectivamente a la producción científica y al quehacer clínico. En rigor, este clivaje trasciende las fronteras de la psicoterapia y constituye un fenómeno presente en cualquier disciplina científica con pretensión de aplicabilidad (O'Donohue, 2013). En el presente trabajo trataremos de acercar a nuestro idioma un debate que principalmente se está produciendo en contextos anglosajones, pero que empieza a captar la atención de la comunidad científica y profesional hispanoparlante (Fernández-Álvarez y Castonguay, 2018). Se presentarán

The aims of this study were, first, to examine the structure and validity of the Eating-related Intrusive Thoughts Inventory (INPIAS), a self-report questionnaire designed to assess eating disorders related to intrusive thoughts (EDITs), and second, to explore the existence of a continuum ranging from normal to abnormal thought intrusions related to eating, weight, and shape. Participants were 574 (408 women) nonclinical community individuals. Analyses revealed that EDITs can be clustered into three sets: appearance-dieting, need to exercise, and thoughts-impulses related to eating disorders. EDITs' consequences showed a two-factor structure: emotional consequences/personal meaning and thought-action fusion responsibility; and four factors of strategies: "anxiety," suppression, obsessive-compulsive rituals, and distraction. The sample was then divided according to reported restrained eating. The High dietary restraint group reported a higher frequency of EDITs, whereas differences in the other factors were mediated by depression, anxiety, and obsessionality. The results suggest that eating disorder-related cognitions are experienced by nonclinical individuals, and distributed on a continuum.