The purpose of this study is to determine appropriate innovative strategies for the renewable energy investments. For this purpose, a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is proposed based on interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy sets and alpha cut levels. Within this context, hesitant IT2 fuzzy DEMATEL-Based Analytic Network Process (DANP) with alpha cut levels is applied for weighting the customer requirements. Moreover, hesitant IT2 fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) with alpha cut levels is used for ranking the TRIZ-based strategies priorities of renewable energy investments based on house of quality technique. These strategies are also ranked with hesitant IT2 fuzzy Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) approach to make a comparative evaluation. The results illustrate that ease of access and security are among the most prominent factors of customer requirements for renewable energy investments. It is also identified that innovative technical requirement entitled cushion in advance has the best choice for the sustainable renewable energy projects. Furthermore, the results of proposed model using hesitant IT2 fuzzy DANP and hesitant IT2 fuzzy TOPSIS are identical for the different levels of alpha cut. In addition, it is also defined that the results of hesitant IT2 fuzzy TOPSIS and hesitant IT2 fuzzy VIKOR are quite coherent. This is a clear evidence that the proposed model is coherent and could provide comprehensive results for the future studies. It is strongly recommended that a detailed analysis is required to identify the risks in renewable energy investment projects. Hence, necessary actions can be taken appropriately so that it can be possible to prevent problems before they grow.

___________________________________________________________________The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the causality relationship between energy consumption and economic growth for developed countries. Within this context, annual data of 22 developed countries was examined by using Dumitrescu Hurlin panel causality analysis. As a result, it was determined that that there is a bidirectional relationship between energy consumption and economic improvement for developed countries. This condition provides two different results. Firstly, energy consumption has an influence on economic development for these countries. While considering this result, it can be said that any limitation in energy consumption will restrict economic growth. Moreover, it was also concluded that level of economic growth is the main reason of energy consumption for developed countries. In other words, developed countries tend to have more energy consumption when their economies are growing.

This paper aims to identify the effects of Islamic banking on economic growth and industrial development in Turkey. For this purpose, quarterly data for the periods between 2005 and 2016 were taken into the consideration. Additionally, VAR Granger causality analysis was used in this study. It was concluded that Islamic banks' loans do not have a significant effect on the improvement of economy and industry in Turkey. The main reason for this result is that Islamic banking has a very low percentage in Turkish banking sector. Thus, it can be said that Islamic banking in Turkey should be so developed that it can contribute to GDP growth and industrial development.Keywords: Islamic Banking, Economic Growth, Industrial Development. AbstractPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh perbankan syariah terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan perkembangan industri di Turki. Data yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kuartal dari tahun 2005 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Teknik analisis yang dipergunakan ialah teknik kausalitas VAR Granger. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pembiayaan yang dilakukan oleh perbankan syariah tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan perekonomian dan industri di Turki. Alasan utama atas hasil ini ialah masih kecilnya persentase perbankan syariah pada sistem perbankan di Turki. Oleh karenanya dapat dikatakan bahwa perbankan syariah di Turki harus dikembangkan agar dapat berkontribusi pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dan perkembangan industri.Kata Kunci: Perbankan Syariah, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Perkembangan Industry.

The aim of this study is to evaluate different renewable energy investments alternatives. Within this framework, six different criteria are chosen to represent financial and non-financial dimensions. Additionally, five renewable energy investment alternatives (biomass, hydropower, geothermal, wind and solar) are selected. Fuzzy AHP and fuzzy DEMATEL methods are considered to weight these criteria whereas alternatives are ranked by using fuzzy TOPSIS and fuzzy VIKOR approaches. The findings show that fuzzy AHP and fuzzy DEMATEL methods also give coherent results. It is concluded that environmental effects and earnings are the most significant criteria. Moreover, wind and solar are the most attractive renewable energy investment alternatives. Therefore, it is recommended that governmental incentives should be widely used for effective location selection of both energy alternatives. This situation could be also attractive for foreign investors in renewable energy market. In addition, large-scale investments should be handled by merger and acquisition to increase overall performance. Hence, it can be possible to raise earnings, improve capital adequacy and enhance organizational capacity with the extensive investments. Furthermore, easy access to the sources and good contract conditions should also be provided for this purpose so that it can be much easier to attract the attention of these investors. Also, customer expectations should be understood effectively with a detailed analysis. With the help of this issue, appropriate products can be presented according to customer needs and it significantly contributes to the success in renewable energy investment.

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