In the article necessity and significance to study of financial risks, which are a constant factor in the activity of any enterprise, are substantiated. It is established that for a broader understanding of the essence of financial risk it is necessary to consider it as a cumulative risk of the enterprise. The growing impact of financial risks on the results of financial and economic activities is associated with the uncertain economic situation, the instability of financial market conditions, the rapid introduction of new financial technologies and financial instruments, expanding the scope of financial relations of the enterprise. Methods of financial risk assessment are investigated, which involve the identification of risks, determining the causes of their occurrence and potential risk areas, as well as the negative consequences of making a risky decision or possible benefits. Comparing the methods of quantitative assessment of financial risk, it was found that the level of risk may vary depending on the chosen method of assessment. A system of financial ratios has been formed to quantify the risk of enterprises of different sizes, namely for large, medium and small enterprises, which most accurately reflect the current financial situation. An assessment of the financial results of enterprises operating in the field of wholesale trade. The financial results before the taxation of activity as an indicator that characterizes the potential for profit generation of wholesale trade enterprises by size distribution are studied. The value of financial results (balance) before taxation of wholesale trade enterprises is forecasted. It is established that the growing pressure of the crisis and insecurity on the part of the state will lead to the transition from the crisis in which enterprises are today, to a state of economic bankruptcy. This situation requires the formation and use of financial resources of enterprises, based on the system and complexity of making and implementing management decisions. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of financial risks of wholesale trade enterprises belonging to groups of large, medium and small enterprises was carried out. Based on these calculations, the ranking of priorities in the management of financial stability. It is established that the first place among the blocks of financial coefficients of risk assessment of enterprises is occupied by the block of business activity, then the block of profitability indicators, the block of liquidity indicators, the final block of capital structure. For each of the defined blocks the directions of increase, or optimization that will provide financial stability of the enterprise are presented.

No abstract

One of the main tasks of current state policy in land use is to ensure the rational use of land. Among numerous measures to protect land and fight against negative degradation processes, an important place is a land under field protection forest plantations. They are an integral element of agricultural landscapes, thanks to which high yields of crops are obtained. The idea of using protective forest plantations to protect agricultural land and improve agro-landscapes has been known for a long time, but its final implementation has yet to happen. Achieving the goal necessitated the need to set and address a complex of interrelated tasks: 1. Consider the current state of protective forest plantations in Ukraine; 2. Research the organization of the structure, the existing control system, and the role that protective forest plantations play in the modern agro-landscape system; 3. Substantiate the development of mechanisms for the functioning of effective monitoring of land under protective forest plantations. The obtained research results have theoretical and practical significance for the further development and improvement of systems of field protection forest plantations. The methodology for improving local monitoring and preservation of field protection forest plantations can be used by united territorial communities to maintain forest strips in proper condition. Theoretical and practical conclusions can be used in forming policy on strengthening the protection of lands occupied by field protection forest plantations, improvement of state administration, organization of their monitoring, conducting inventory, and accounting. Proposals for reforming the legislative framework and improving the accounting of field protection forest strips and protective plantations may interest the authorities that regulate these issues. Uncontrolled and irrational use of resources can soon turn into an environmental threat. Keywords: geodetic monitoring, protective forest plantations, geoinformation systems, land protection.

Статтю присвячено аналізу тенденцій, обґрунтуванню проблем і напрямів зміцнення потенціалу виробництва кукурудзи на зерно в контексті зміцнення продовольчої безпеки України та світу. Проаналізовано місце України серед провідних експортерів кукурудзи у світі та динаміку показників її виробництва у розрізі категорій господарств. Надано оцінку тенденцій урожайності кукурудзи на зерно в Україні та світі, а також у розрізі регіонів. Охарактеризовано основні проблеми розвитку зерновиробництва в Україні. Доведено, що під час виходу з кризи через пандемію COVID-19 кукурудза залишатиметься однією з провідних культур, які формують продовольчу безпеку планети, при цьому потенціал її вирощування в Україні використаний не до кінця. Запропоновано ключові напрями ґрунтовної трансформації аграрно-економічної політики щодо вирощування та експорту кукурудзи на зерно в Україні.