No abstract

The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is an object classification method that has been widely used in recent research. In this paper, we propose CNN for use in the self-localization of wheeled soccer robots on a soccer field. If the soccer field is divided into equally sized quadrants with imaginary vertical and horizontal lines intersecting in the middle of the field, then the soccer field has an identical shape for each quadrant. Every quadrant is a reflection of the other quadrants. Superficially similar images appearing in different positions may result in positioning mistakes. This paper proposes a solution to this problem by using a visual modelling of the gyrocompass line mark and omni-vision image for the CNN-based self-localization system. A gyrocompass is used to obtain the angle of the robot on the soccer field. A 360° omni-vision camera is used to capture images that cover all parts of the soccer field wherever the robot is located. The angle of the robot is added to the omni-vision image using the visual modelling method. The implementation of self-localization without visual modelling gives accuracy rates of 0.3262, and this result is increased to 0.6827 with the proposed methods. The experiment was carried out in the robotics laboratory of the Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS) with the ITS Robot with Intelligent System (IRIS) robot.

Game strategy is one of the most critical parts of winning a soccer robot match and cannot be separated from the cooperation among robots in making movements to score goals. In this paper, a wheeled soccer robot game strategy called advance attack and defense has been developed. The strategy is combined with dynamic role assignment, in which robot can change from an attacker to a defender and vice versa. Defender robots are not only based on defensive area but will always block opposing attacker to score goal. The attack strategy performs a rotational trajectory for attacker robot to overpass opponent robot. This strategy has been proven to increase defense and attack effectiveness. Test results using soccer robot gameplay environment simulator developed by Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Robot with Intelligent System (IRIS) team show that the advance strategies are superior compared with basic strategies. In 30 matches, the advance dynamic strategy won 80%, drew 6.7%, and obtained the highest goal difference, 85 goals. The test was then verified with the implementation in the IRIS robots and showed the same performance. The developed game algorithms were tested in 2019 Indonesian wheeled soccer robot contest (KRSBI-B) and the IRIS team won the title.