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The dearth of research on spatial analyses for installation patterns and characteristics of residential burglar alarms exists in the crime prevention literature in general, and even a few existing studies are based on observational and anthropological approaches with little quantitative analyses. Spatially analytical approaches have not been used to examine the distribution and pattern of burglar alarms. With installation record of burglar alarms, spatial statistical techniques are used to examine spatial patterns of residential burglar alarms with demographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristic variables. Various spatial analyses demonstrate that at a macro-level, many spatially concentrated areas of burglar alarm installation are observed, indicating that installation patterns of residential burglar alarms are not evenly distributed throughout the city. Such patterns occur depending on neighborhoods' conditions such as demographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristics. A higher black population and neighborhoods with a higher proportion of the younger population-ages below 17 years, lower unemployment rate, and higher proportion of black householders are among identified variables to explain spatial characteristics and patterns of burglar alarm installations. A feasible policy implication from the present study is that crime prevention communities (e.g., local governments, police department, private security companies) can utilize research findings to promote local communities and neighborhoods with property crime

Private security in the United States has a long and rich history.Since 1851 when Alan Pinkerton founded what would become the Pinkerton Detective Agency, private security has grown to become a $104 billion industry and undertaken a significant range of functions in crime prevention efforts. One such application is burglary alarm. Despite its increasing usage and potential for crime prevention, few academic studies have focused on its installation trends and characteristics. With alarm permit records descriptive analyses can examine installation trends of residential burglar alarms. Correlation and regression analyses scrutinize both the statistical association of alarm installation and the causal relationship of installation characteristics with demographic, socioeconomic, and housing characteristic variables. Among significant variables are population by race, population ages below 14, 15-17, and over 75, unemployment rate, residential burglary rate, and owner's occupancy to explain installation patterns and characteristics of burglar alarm systems in residential areas.

The killings at Columbine High School in 1999, Virginia Tech in 2007, the Sandy Hook Elementary School in 2012, the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in 2018 are four dire examples of mass shootings in school settings by current or former students in the U.S. Schools—K-12 and college campuses—which have long been considered a sacred place for our children and young people receiving education. According to the data collected by the author, since 1999, school mass shootings (SMS) have increased steadily, causing higher casualty with more powerful weapons and planned schemes. School and campus security have become significant concerns. One big question to all Americans is, are our schools really safe enough to send our children to in order to learn and grow? This article presents preliminary research findings of SMS incidents based on 71 cases with the discussion.