Open and distance education, unlike the traditional style of education, does not have to come to the campus, courses are processed in a completely virtual environment through the computer, live and interactive is the name of the training that the participant can watch them again and again at any time. Open and distance education in this aspect; Student Centre is an ideal educational model for people who cannot benefit from traditional education, providing equal opportunities, providing education opportunities for physically disabled students, eliminating geographical and regional barriers. Besides, it is a modern and innovative education model that ensures the continuation of the education of the people working in their businesses. Career compliance is a process that starts from preparation for the profession and starts from employment, progress in career and ending a career. Career compliance reflects an individual’s capacity to cope with potential changes that may arise in the present and future business life. Besides, employees’ level of coping with new job responsibilities, unexpected career changes and the ability to overcome obstacles that may arise. The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between education satisfaction levels and career adaptability perceptions of participants taking education within open or distance education model. The study is important in terms of developing and improving the open or distance education model when considering that the number of people taking education within the open or distance education model in our country is more than three and a half million today. Besides, one of the important issues in working life in contemporary societies is the career issue and it is thought that the adaptability of employees with their occupations has an important role in their productivity. Therefore, determining the level of educational satisfaction and career adaptability is thought to be important. In the study, which is based on «lifelong learning theory», the quantitative research method was preferred. To collect data, the «Distance Education Satisfaction Scale» and the «Career-related Adoptability» scales were employed. Data collected from a sample of 527 individuals were analysed by difference, relationship and impact tests and it was found that distance education satisfaction had a positive effect on career adaptability. Keywords: education satisfaction, career adaptability, distance education, open education, e-learning.

:Organizational environments are environments where conflicts of interest are intense due to business and human interactions. Various problems are experienced in these environments due to both business and human interaction and interpersonal relations. These problems cause various psychological and physical health problems in the employees and organizational health problems such as reduced job satisfaction and damage to work peace in organizations. This study examined the problem of "organizational ostracism," an example of negative behavior in organizations. The study discussed the causes of ostracism and its effects on the ostracized person. The study was designed according to the descriptive phenomenological pattern, one of the qualitative research designs. The sample of the study was determined according to the purposeful sampling technique. The study data were collected through in-depth interviews from 19 faculty members with different titles and positions working in various departments of public universities. The research results were presented and interpreted as "code," "sub-theme," and "main theme." At the end of the examination, organizational exclusion; It was understood that it was caused by jealousy, ethnic, political and trade union discrimination. The impact of organizational ostracism on the individual excluded; intention to quit, feeling of burnout, and psychosomatic disorders were grouped under the main themes. Findings showed that organizational ostracism harms organizational and individual performance. The research results show that ostracism is an important organizational behavior problem that disrupts organizational and individual health and job satisfaction.

During the pandemic days when the whole world is going through a difficult process, not only the physiological but also the psychological health of people are negatively affected; these effects are also reflected in working environments and working relationships. Undoubtedly, health workers who are most affected by this situation are concerned about protecting themselves and their families while trying to fulfill their duties. It is inevitable that some employees who can continue their jobs in a work environment where many colleagues leave their jobs due to death or illness and who fall behind in an environment of uncertainty will feel negative emotions. In this context, the aim of this study is to reveal the survivor syndrome experienced by health workers who continue to work during the pandemic period. It is thought that revealing all kinds of problems of health workers who bear the heaviest burden during the pandemic process is important for their ability to continue their work and for the whole humanity to live a healthy life. Phenomenology design was used in the study designed according to the qualitative research method. The research data were collected by a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher and the collected data were analyzed through content analysis and descriptive analysis. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that health workers experience the survivor syndrome intensely during the pandemic process and solutions have been offered.

Organizations need to move their businesses to the virtual environment to reduce costs, eliminate being physically tied to a place, benefit from a qualified workforce and respond quickly to expectations. Innovative thoughts, information that can be turned into tangible products and digital skills are seen as the main factors of production in virtual organizations. Managing all these competencies requires a new understanding of leadership different from traditional organizational structures and management understanding. This new form of leadership, called digital leadership, is of great importance in adapting to the conditions of the digital age. Integrating the skills of the digital age with the digitalizing world necessitates digital leadership. For this reason, it is thought that digital leadership is becoming more and more important in virtual organizational structures. Digital leaders stand out as leaders with broad imaginations, advanced intellectual aspects, and high digital competencies. The main purpose of this section is to focus on the transformative aspect of digital leadership, which is a requirement of virtualization in organizations with the spread of remote working. In addition, it is aimed to contribute to the literature on the concept of digital leadership.

This study aims to examine the opinions of PhD students who are in their dissertation-writing stage, on their supervisors' "core competency", "technical competency" and "managerial competency". Designed as a case study, it employs a qualitative research methodology. The sample of the study consists of 15 PhD students determined by using the criterion sampling method, which is one of the purposive sampling methods. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview form. The obtained data were analyzed through content analysis. The findings revealed that some of the PhD students found their supervisors inadequate in terms of technical, managerial and core competencies while some of them had positive opinions on the competencies of their supervisors. PhD students learn about how supervising processes work and compare themselves to their peers by communicating with each other directly and through social media. The study is original and important since it makes a significant contribution to revealing the effectiveness of PhD supervision.