No abstract

Oil content and fatty acid composition are the most significant quality criteria of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.), and these parameters is greatly influenced by irrigation and fertilization practices. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation intervals and irrigation levels on oil content and fatty acid composition of peanuts, under sandy soil conditions in two consecutive years, using ‘Halisbey’, ‘NC-7’, and ‘Sultan’ peanut cultivars, commonly grown in Turkey. Irrigation levels were arranged based on total evaporation from Class-A pan, and irrigations were applied through drip lines. Irrigation intervals were set as two and four days, and irrigation levels were set as 50% (I50), 75% (I75), 100% (I100) and 125% (I125) of Class-A pan evaporations. Oil content, unsaturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids), and saturated fatty acids (palmitic, myristic, arachidic, behenic and lignoceric acids) were determined. For oil content, treatments were identified as the most appropriate irrigation for a two-day irrigation interval of all cultivars, I100 for four-day irrigation interval of ‘Halisbey’ and ‘Sultan’ cultivars and I75 for four-day irrigation interval of ‘NC-7’ cultivar. Oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major fatty acids of peanuts. Cultivars exhibited different variations in these fatty acids based on irrigation intervals and irrigation levels. In general, oleic acid contents decreased, but linoleic and palmitic acid contents increased with increasing irrigation levels. The greatest oleic acid contents were obtained from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I50 treatments in ‘Halisbey’ and ‘NC-7’ cultivars and from two and four-day irrigation intervals of I75 treatments of the second year in ‘Sultan’ cultivar. Present findings revealed that for quality peanut production, both irrigation intervals and irrigation levels should be taken into consideration.

Bu çalışma, 24 adet sebze tipi sakız fasulyesi (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba [L.] Taub.) genotipinin çimlenme döneminde altı tuz konsantrasyonunda (kontrol, 6, 8, 10, 12 ve 15 dS m-1) tuzluluğa toleranslarını fide kuru ağırlıklarına göre belirlemek ve toleranslı genotipleri seçmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sakız fasulyesinin kuru fide ağırlığı tuz uygulamalarından önemli derecede etkilenmiştir. Tuz uygulaması, genotip, tuz uygulaması x genotip interaksiyonu istatistiksel olarak önemli olmuştur (P

Bu araştırma mineral gübre, ticari mikrobiyal gübre ve azot fikseri, fosfat çözücü ve ACC deaminaze aktivitesine sahip bakteri esaslı üçlü kombinasyonlar halinde uygulanan üç farklı mikrobiyal gübre formülasyonunun (BF9: Bacillus megaterium 47/9 + Paenibacillus macquariensis RC696 + Pseudomonas fluorescens 9/7; BF10: Bacillus megaterium RC665 + Paenibacillus macquariensis RC382 + Pseudomonas fluorescens 9/7; BF11: Bacillus simplex RC64 + Pseudomonas putida 3/10 + Burkholderia pyrrocinia RC134) asidik tarla koşullarında üç yıllık sürede çay gelişim ve enzim aktiviteleri üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf bloklarında altı uygulama ve dört tekerrürlü (her bir tekerrürde beş çay öbeği) olarak kurulmuştur. Uygulanan bakteri formülasyonları yaprak alanı, yeşil yaprak verimi, klorofil içeriği ve bitki gelişimini teşvik etmiştir. Ayrıca, bakteri formülasyonu aşılamaları yaprakta; glutatyon redüktaz (GR), glutatyon S-transferaz (GST), glukoz 6-fosfat dehidrogenaz (G6PD), 6-fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaz (6PGD), polifenol oksidaz (PPO), peroksidaz (POD), 5-dehidroksişikimat redüktaz (DHSK) ve alkol dehidrogenaz (ADH), enzim aktivitelerini değiştirebilmiştir. Seçilen etkin, aside toleranslı ve çoklu özelliklere sahip bakteri esaslı biyoformülasyonlar, strese karşı bitki toleransı ve adaptasyonunu artırabilir, çay işleme teknolojisinde önemli bir rol oynayabilir ve çay ürünlerinin kalite konseptine katkıda bulunabilir. Bu çalışma, bu yerli faydalı rizobakteri izolatlarının, çay mahsulünün büyümesini teşvik etmek için mikrobiyal aşılama veya biyogübre olarak kullanılma potansiyeline sahip olduğunu ve sürdürülebilir çay yetiştiriciliği için umut verici olduğunu göstermektedir.

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a member of medicinal and aromatic plants that have been used for phytotherapeutic applications for decades. In this study, optimum production conditions of lemon balm tincture, which is a functional product used commonly by the people for medicinal purposes, were investigated. For this aim, the response surface methodology approach was applied, and to determine the effect of processing variables, solid concentration (X1), ethanol concentration (X2), and processing time (X3) were selected as the parameters showing the essential effects on the tincture production. The production of high phenolic yielded tincture was aimed at, and therefore, total phenolic content (TPC) and antiradical activity as inhibition concentration (IC50) of the tinctures were determined as the responses in the study. According to the experimental design, 15 tincture samples were prepared, and TPC ranged 1,462–10,335 mg GAE/L, while the IC50 ranged 11.8–78.1 mL. Multiple response optimization approaches were expertly applied, and optimum solid concentration and ethanol concentration for the high bioactive lemon balm tincture was determined as 5 g in 30 mL solvent and 38.6%, respectively. These optimum production conditions will help manufacturing the ideal lemon balm tincture with high bioactivity.