This study was conducted with the purpose of researching the effect of lycopene application on lipoprotein, paraoxonase (PON) and cytokines that are projected to be used in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes by making experimental diabetes. At the end of a 1-month trial period, under ether anesthesia with jelly tubes, blood samples were taken from rat hearts. Blood samples were centrifuged and serum was obtained. From the serum samples, HbA1c, paraoxonase activity, lipoprotein levels and cytokines were determined. HbA1c levels and PON activity were found to be p < 0.001. At the triglyceride level, with regard to the control group, in all the groups a significant rise occurred (p ≤ 0.001). At the cholesterol level, with regard to the control group, a decline was observed in the other groups (p < 0.05). At the VLDL level, with regard to the control group, a significant rise was observed in the other groups (p < 0.05). At the HDL (p < 0.001) and LDL (p < 0.05) levels, with regard to the control group, a significant decline was observed in the other groups. At the TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 levels no difference was found (p > 0.05). Experimental diabetes models have an important place in analyzing diabetes complications and determining treatment approaches.

The effect of lycopene on serum nitrate-nitrite levels was investigated in diabetic rats. In this investigation, 28 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, each of seven rats. These groups were control group, diabetes group, diabetes-lycopene group and lycopene group. The concentration of nitrite and nitrate was detected at high levels in diabetes group, diabetes-lycopene group and lycopene group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Especially, the increase in the levels of nitrate in diabetes group and lycopene group was statistically significant when compared with diabetes-lycopene group and control group (P<0.05). In addition, we also determined the proportion of nitrite/nitrate for nitric oxide radical formation. Therefore, it is important to investigate the recovery and stability of nitrite and nitrate in samples. As a result of this study, it was observed that the amounts of nitrate and nitrite increased due to oxidative stress in diabetes and also application of antioxidant lycopene caused an increase in the amounts of nitrate and nitrite levels.

This study was carried out to determine the effect of zinc on oxidative DNA damage in rats with experimental acute and chronic kidney deficiency. Six groups of five Wistar-Albino rats each were assigned as controls (C), acute kidney deficiency (AKD), zinc-supplemented (+Zn), acute kidney deficiency, zinc-supplemented (AKD + Zn), chronic kidney deficiency (CKD) and zinc-supplemented chronic kidney deficiency (CKD + Zn). The levels of 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were determined, being the lowest in the CKD group (p < 0.05), higher in the C group than those of rats with CKD but lower than that of all the other groups (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the controls and the CKD + Zn group, or between the AKD and the +Zn groups. Among all groups, the highest 8-OHdG level was found in the AKD + Zn group (p < 0.05). DNA damage was greater in acute renal failure than in rats with chronic renal failure. The DNA damage in the zinc group was significantly higher than in the controls.

This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity and hypoglycemic effect of sumac sours collected from different regions. Rhus coriaria, is the only species of rhus in Turkey. It shows spread in different regions in Turkey. Particularly, it is used as sour in Anatolia. Sumac sour is usually consumed in south provinces in Turkey. In the study, three Gram (-), three Gram (+) and 1 yeast strains obtained from the culture collection of the Microbiology Laboratory of Ordu University were used. The antimicrobial effects of samples were investigated by using agar disc diffusion method. Hypoglycemic effect was investigated with -amylase and -glucosidase inhibition assays. In result of the study, almost all samples formed zones ranging from 31.5 to 6 mm against bacteria and yeast, but Antep, Hatay sumac syrup samples did not create against Candida albicans and Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Consequently, sumac syrups were determined to be an effective antimicrobial activity. In addition, we can say that there are hypoglycemic effects of sumac syrup samples in Mersin, Hatay and Gaziantep respectively.

Fruits, are in black or white colour Mrytus communis, is known as locally name murt, hambales, mersin. It is an aromatic and medicinal plant that grows naturally in maquis form in regions with Mediterranean climate. In this research, we aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant activity of Myrtus communis L. White-black myrtle were collected from Hassa-Hatay and Tarsus-Mersin, respectively in October. Fruits were separated from the leaves and dried in the oven at 40ºC. Fruit extracts were obtained in absolute ethanol (1:15) by using magnetic stirrer at the room temperature for one day. In this study, radical scaving activity-(DPPH), the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity-(HPSA), metal chelating activity-(MCA), ferric reducing antioxidant power activity-(FRAP), total phenol-flavonoid contents and α-amylase, α-glycosidase inhibition were examined to determine characteristics of samples. DPPH and HPSA values were expressed as µg/ml in terms of SC50. FRAP and MCA features of extract were given as % activity. The hypoglycemic effect was investigated with α-amylase, α-glucosidase inhibition assays.