(Economic and decision analysis-developing an economic or decision model), Level II.

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Aim: To compare the effects of progressive exercise therapy, performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist and given as a home program in individuals with hallux valgus. Methods: Participants were randomly divided into two groups. While one group performed the exercises under the supervision of a physiotherapist, the other group did the same program at home. Results: The amount of decrease in foot adduction angle, pain level while walking, and right foot navicular height of individuals receiving treatment under the supervision of a physiotherapist were significantly higher. Conclusion: The exercise program applied under the supervision of a physiotherapist was more effective in reducing the first toe adduction angle, medial longitudinal arc height, and pain, improving dynamic balance and functional capacity.

Aim: To assess the effects of clinical Pilates exercises (CPE) on the level of pain, functional status, flexibility, static and dynamic endurance of the trunk muscles and quality of life (QoL) in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Materials & methods: Individuals were divided into two groups: the CPE (6 weeks, three-times a week) group (n = 27) and the control group (n = 27). The clinical outcome measures were the visual analog scale for the evaluation of the pain intensity, Oswestry disability index for functional disability, short form-36 for health related QoL, sit and reach and hand finger floor distance test for the flexibility, side-bridge and sit-ups test for the static and dynamic endurance. Results: At the end of the 6 weeks the amount of decrease in the level of pain and Oswestry disability index, amount of increase in sit-reach test and hand-finger-to-floor distance, duration of the lateral bridge and sits-ups test and most of the short form-36 sub parameters was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CPE group. Conclusion: CPE was an effective and safe method for symptomatic patients with lumbar disc herniation in reducing the pain level and functional disability and improving flexibility, static and dynamic endurance and partially their QoL. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03198273 ( ClinicalTrials.gov ).

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