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In this research, it is aimed to determine the level of organizational forgiveness and organizational commitment of teachers and their relation. Descriptive method was used in the research. The working population of the research: Teachers who work in primary schools and high schools in the Battalgazi and Yeşilyurt district centers in Malatya province during the 2017-2018 academic year. A total of 450 teachers from 6 primary schools and 6 high schools selected by means of population sampling were included in the study. Two scales, "organizational forgiveness" and "organizational commitment", were used to collect the data of the study. In the analysis of the data, arithmetic mean standard deviation calculation, t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. According to the findings obtained as a result of the research, it was seen that there was a significant difference between school type, education status and occupational seniority variables while there was no significant difference between teachers' organizational forgiveness and gender, marital status, number of children and field of study. Participants' organizational commitment levels were low at both overall sum and dimensions. There was a low level of positive relationship between organizational forgiveness and organizational commitment. Based on these findings, teachers' awareness about organizational forgiveness and the necessity of providing jobs in order to increase school commitment and suggestions such as personal rights, profession promotion, purchasing power and working conditions can be improved.

Public parks' location is one of the major factors shaping their accessibility. Many natural and physical features (e.g., topography, stream ways, street network, traffic density, road junctions, and land uses) affect walking distances from dwellings to these locations. Also, the cost of access (measured in time and meter) to these locations vary among age groups with different walking capacities. Spatial plans in Turkey are the documents for determining and implementing the allocation of parks. However, plan-making practices have limitations in considering the park accessibility by walking among different groups of dwellers. This study considers the accessibility of public parks as an issue of spatial equity. It evaluates the park accessibility at a recent spatial plan about a residential area in Karabağlar and Buca Districts of İzmir. It aims to assess the allocations of planned parks and propose potential locations for new park areas. With a pointbased approach to park accessibility, the study analysis performs the Location-Allocation (LA) Analysis with multiple criteria at Geographic Information Systems. The results show that at the plan, the specified residential area has spatial inequities with park accessibility. Among the other planned public service areas, some locations can be re-planned as new park areas, which partially improves spatial inequities at the plan. Also, the study is an example of how to prepare and run the data for the spatial analysis of allocations of public service areas with the help of GIS in Turkey.

Biophilic design as a planning approach emphasizes nature and the natural environment in urban planning and is called as 'naturalization of urbanization'. Biophilic approaches to urban planning aim to increase the percentage of natural or artificial open-green spaces in the urban fabric, and to maximize the accessibility of and beneficial experience in these areas. The main argument of the study is to focus on micro-scale spatial interventions and solutions starting from the local scale instead of macro and upper scale transformation and interventions in cities. It is acknowledge that the interventions at local spatial levels may increase the integration and connection with upper levels in cities. The study focuses on neighborhood scale, measuring the accessibility of neighborhood parks and searching for park linking networks using a point-based accessibility approach. The operationalization of the analytical spatial approach has been designed in the model of data-based design. A GIS database is created using spatial data of existing urban environment, using ArMap 10.5 and network analysis as a GIS software. The accessibility of existing parks in the study area is calculated using network (actual distance) based service area analysis. Access lines via streets within a maximum of 500m walking distance to parks are calculated that is revealing what is the walking distance between residences and closest parks. As a result of the analysis, it is seen that the existing parks are accessible within 300m on average. However, it is observed that some residential units could not access any park area within 500m walking distance. New parks are proposed in existing urban voids to increase accessibility to parks. Therefore, 9 new park areas are proposed to increase accessibility and pedestrian-oriented routes are proposed to revive the Meles river as a connecting natural element. By means of new routes and parks, the green space integration and the sense of spatial justice will be both strengthened.

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