Purpose -Factors affecting international student satisfaction and loyalty are crucial for higher learning institutions of Malaysia as the country wants to become a global education hub. The purpose of this paper is to determine the most contributing factors affecting the level of international student satisfaction and how these factors affect loyalty of the students. These factors are academic issues, economic considerations, image and prestige and infrastructure of the university. The study involved the same research in Australia in order to compare situations in these two nations.Methodology -A structured questionnaire was used to collect data to determine the sig-

Purpose Internet-based marketing communication has been an important element for organizations to build brand image and brand equity. Higher education is not an exception. However, configuring the right mix in the age of social networking sites and various online displays and constantly changing algorithm in search engine optimization have become major challenges today. Hence, the purpose of this study is to configure integrated online marketing communication for the development of brand image and brand equity for higher educational institutions. Design/methodology/approach The study is quantitative in nature. A responsive group of 370 students was chosen from different educational institutions in Malaysia via stratified random sampling techniques. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used for interpreting the data. To test the derived hypotheses, structural equation modelling was used. Findings In line with contemporary literature, the study revealed positive relationships between brand image and brand equity, between search engine and brand image and between social media and brand image. The relationship between online display and brand image was not found significant. Research limitations/implications Future research can be done considering both online and conventional marketing communications for the same purpose. This approach can also be used for private and public institutions separately, considering their differences in nature. Practical implications Because history and tradition are no more a single tool to attain and retain the positive image and customer-based brand equity, this study can help higher educational institutions to configure integrated online communication for their target groups, such as students and industry, in the age of the internet. Originality/value This study generates a comprehensive understanding of the impact of Web-based marketing communication to develop brand image and brand equity of higher educational institutions.

The study presents the determinants of the usage of social networking sites (SNSs) to accelerate the business potential of young entrepreneurs in a developing nation. It’s a quantitative study that considers 168 young entrepreneurs of Bangladesh. In analyzing the data, exploratory factor analysis has been used to justify the items associated with each variable while using a structural equation modeling approach to test the driven hypothesis. The study reveals that using social media as a promotional tool helps entrepreneurs to hasten their venture. In addition, changing purchasing behavior in this digital era and convenience and speed of Internet access also influence them to use SNSs intensively for growing their business enterprise. The findings of the study will help the key stakeholders to initiate key steps in order to create a more favorable business environment particularly for young entrepreneurs in this digital age of communication.

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Every business requires a good marketing mix to introduce, grow, and