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Agent-based modelling (ABM) is a complex problem-solving approach that can be employed in early-stage parametric design, and certain design applications may benefit from such a bottom-up strategy. This research investigates the potential of ABM for structural design optimization. A case study of a form-found cantilevered truss is presented that has a doubly curved shape over a regular grid, resulting in individual members with different lengths across the structure. It is hypothesized that an agent-based approach might generate an irregular grid of similar or better structural performance, but with more uniform length of individual elements. This approach could be useful when designing a global structural form from a kit of parts or adaptively reusing a disassembled existing structure with regular member lengths. A series of ABM simulations are conducted with different hyperparameters, and the generated designs are compared to the original form-found shape in terms of structural performance.

Considering economic, social, and environmental aspects of contemporary sustainable development, not enough attention has been paid to the environmental aspects in current design and engineering agendas. Although new well-defined mechanisms are still developing for usable implementation of environmental aspects in sustainable design, the impact of the output on human needs is usually neglected. In other words, considering the engineering and construction, the sustainable-based decision-making process usually focuses on the prioritization of environmental factors based on comprehensive factors like meeting standards and benchmarks which leads to inadequate attention to social aspects. Consequently, in recent years, integrating environmental management practices into human-centered design has found a decent place among heated research topics in sustainable design and development. This research focuses on the novel methodology of prioritizing different environmental aspects in sustainable development to meet social needs. First, to define the importance of each environmental factor, a state-of-art study is done on previous sources, including Environmental Management Practices, to extract critical environmental factors. Then, the relationship between selected factors is determined as well as the effects of operating pairs on each other. This step implemented the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method on the resulted information from 30 experts in the fields of sustainable design and construction. As a result, the direct and indirect effects of the factors on each other were quantified. All the experts are active members of the construction sector in Iran, which lead to generating more reliable final outputs for sustainable development in targeted developing countries. Next, the environmental factors are ranked, and the most critical ones are identified. Finally, with the help of data replication, a meaningful contribution of defined ranking methodology is defined for the complex decision-making process and environmental management conditions. By integrating environmental factors into sustainable development criteria, this methodology can lead the construction industry toward a comprehensive human-centered design that meets all social needs.