BackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis is a common disorder in adults and children alike and appears to be on the increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitization trends in Iranian children with contact dermatitis.MethodsThe result of 109 patch tests performed using the 24 allergens of the European Standard Series in patients below 18 years old from September 2007 to March 2009 were recorded and analyzed. The tests were evaluated at 48 and 72 h after performing.ResultsThe study population consisted of 72 (66.1 %) females and 37 (33.9 %) males. Hands were the most commonly affected anatomic site. In the final evaluation of the tests on day three, 51 (46.8 %) individuals showed a positive reaction to at least one allergen. Females were significantly more likely to show a positive response to at least one allergen (p-value = 0.031, odds ratio: 2.46). The most common allergens were nickel sulfate, cobalt, methylisothiazolinone, and colophony with 21 (19.3 %), 11 (10.1 %), 7 (6.4 %), and 6 (5.5 %) positive reactions, respectively. Contact allergy to nickel sulfate was more common in females than males (23.6 % vs. 10.8 %). There was no statistically significant relationship between personal or family history of atopy and a positive reaction to patch testing. The clinical and practical relevance were assessed for nickel and cobalt with a clinical current relevance in 11 (52.3 %) and 4 (36.4 %), respectively.ConclusionsNickel sulfate, cobalt, methylisothiazolinone, and colophony are the most common allergens responsible for induction of allergic contact dermatitis in Iranian children and adolescents. Females tended to show more positive reactions to allergens.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12895-016-0047-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

IntroductionQT dispersion is the difference between the maximum and minimum QTc interval in a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Some researchers have demonstrated the effects of an increase of QT-d in STEMI and its reduction with successful therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphine post-conditioning effect on the QT dispersion in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on anterior descending cardiac artery.MethodsThis cohort study was conducted on STEMI patients admitted to the Hospital of Imam Reza (AS), Mashhad, Iran, from March 2015 to February 2016 who were undergoing primary angioplasty on the anterior descending cardiac artery. The patients were divided into two groups based on the intake or non-intake of morphine (5 mg morphine for the period of 30 minutes prior to PCI). Parameters, including age, gender, history of diabetes, and blood pressure as well as admission and 24 hours after PCI ejection fraction (EF) and QT-d, were recorded in all patients and compared between the two intervention and control groups. Independent and paired t-tests and chi-square test were used to compare the qualitative and quantitative data between the two groups using SPSS version 19 software.ResultsThe present research was performed on 77 patients (61 males) with mean age of 58.71±11.84 years in the two groups of morphine consumption before PCI (n=46) and control (n=31). No statistical difference was found among the groups in age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, and onset of symptoms until primary PCI. Admission electrocardiogram QT-d value in the positive exposure group showed no significant difference with the control group, but QT-d value at 24 hours after PCI was lower in the positive exposure group than in the control group (morphine versus control: 40.32±6.98 versus 59.64±8.89; p=0.000). QT-d value 24 hours after PCI compared with the admission QT-d value was significantly reduced in both groups. The mean decrease of admission QT-d relative to QT-d 24 hours after PCI was higher in the positive exposure group than in the control group, and this difference was also statistically significant (morphine versus control: 48.65±9.95 versus 25.74±6.66; p=0.000).ConclusionThe findings of the current survey demonstrated that morphine consumption before PCI can further reduce QT-d value in an electrocardiogram for PCI as compared to patients who did not take morphine before PCI.

IntroductionIt is believed that an exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) to exercise stress test is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events. It is also assumed that QT dispersion (QT-d), which was originally proposed to measure the spatial dispersion of ventricular recovery times, may have a relationship to cardiovascular events. The objective of this study was to examine the difference of changes in QT-d, Maxi-QT, Mini-QT, and QT-c (corrected QT interval) of the electrocardiogram in two groups of patients with exaggerated blood pressure responses (EBPR group) and normal responses (control group) to exercise testing. Also, the diagnostic value of each of these criteria in the prediction of EBPR was studied.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2015 to February 2016 on patients suspected of coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing exercise testing who had been referred to Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad (Iran). All patients underwent a treadmill exercise test with the 12-lead ECG, which was optically scanned and digitized for analysis of QT-d, QT max, and QT min. Patients were divided into two groups of normal and EBPR to exercise testing. QT changes of ECG were compared between the two groups, and the diagnostic accuracy of QT variables for prediction of EBPR to exercise testing was studied. A multiple linear regression analysis (MLR), Pearson Chi-qquare, independent samples t-test, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used as statistical methods in IBM SPSS version 19.ResultsSixty patients (55% male) with a mean age of 50.48 ± 10.89 years were studied in two groups of normal (n=30) and exaggerated blood pressure response (n=30) to exercise testing. Maximum QT and QT dispersion were statistically different in individuals’ exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise stress test (p < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that none of our parameters predicted the EBPR. The ROC curve showed that 50 and 345 milliseconds for QT dispersion and Maxi-QT were the optimal cut-off points for the prediction of EBPR.ConclusionIt seems that Maxi-QT and QT-d may be predictors of EBPR during exercise testing. Also, a significant difference in maxi-QT and QT-d was observed between two groups of patients with normal and EBPR during the exercise testing.