Today, role modeling is an essential component of medical education that facilitates the students' learning and affects their attitudes and behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to examine the characteristics of positive and negative role models using a mixed method approach. In the quantitative part, data were collected using a questionnaire with 24 items. The research population included medical students who were in their clinical period between May 2017 and December 2018 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (n = 750). A total of 282 questionnaires were completed by these students, and in the qualitative part, 26 semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. The most important components of role modeling for students included: individual characteristics, clinical skills and competence, teaching skills and professionalism, in that order. The qualitative analysis confirmed the results of the quantitative analysis. The findings showed that the characteristics of a negative role model can also be classified in four main components. The results demonstrated that 46.8% of the students identified one or more medical teachers as negative models. Students paid attention to not only the positive characteristics of their teachers, but also their negative features, stating that they had been influenced by both. Therefore, it can be concluded that clinical teachers should improve their performance as positive role models through reducing these negative effects and reinforcing positive characteristics

Anthrax, like tuberculosis, shows a new epidemic spread in industrialized countries, revealing some ambiguous aspects to the disease and providing new challenges to medicine. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences has records of 7130 autopsies performed in the past 40 years, 33 of which are anthrax cases. We reviewed all the pathology slides of these cases and classified the organs involved in a search for unrecognized microscopic findings. The most common cause of death was sepsis, caused by organ involvement and direct cytotoxicity of Bacillus anthracis, in addition to its exotoxin production. Novel findings included hyaline membrane formation in respiratory system cases that is similar to acute [adult] respiratory distress syndrome and evidence of primary gastrointestinal involvement, showing the ability of the organism to pass the gastric barrier

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“Near-death experiences (NDEs)” are usually depicted with a vivid perception of departure from the physical body and being in a distinctive spatial and temporal area setting. There are challenges to whether consciousness during this phenomenon is cerebral or extracerebral? To investigate this subject further, the AWARE research projects were designed. It was a research milestone in this field. During the AWARE projects, images were put in the cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) area. The person with experience of leaving the body was then asked about the nature of the images. In a recent project, a complementary system was designed that contains two main parts: a transmitter connected to the electroshock (as starter) and a receiver connected to the monitor. The laboratory experiment showed that the connection between the parts of the system was systematically and meticulously organized. This new system, such as the AWARE projects, is based on the perception of the visual and auditory elements, during the out-of-body experience component of the NDE but, unlike the AWAREs, it has three main differences in testing of visual elements: unfixed/dynamic images, “timed” movie's capacity, and the automatic activation. Also this system, records the ambient sounds. So, after the successful resuscitation, researchers will be asked about the ambient sounds specification. The new system records the ambient sounds. Consequently, it becomes feasible to study environmental and corporeal events in more detail, during the phenomenon.