Adherence to the treatment regimen is among the key principles in chronic diseases, like thalassemia. The difficult treatment of these patients and the significant biopsychosocial changes that occur during adolescence may lead to numerous psychosocial changes. Such issuesmay affect their adherence to the treatment regimen. Objective: The current study aimedto determine the relationship between psychosocial status and adherence to the treatment regimen in adolescents with thalassemia referring to hospitals in Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 66 adolescents with thalassemia. The study samples included patients aged 11-21 years, referring to two hospitals in Rasht City, Iran, in 2017. They were selected using the census methods. Data collection tools included a demographic form and Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth Report (PSC-Y). The compliance rate was measured by evaluating their adherence to follow-up visits, average results of the last three ferritin tests, and iron chelator use. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and regression analysis. Results: Fifty percent of patients reported psychosocial problems and most of them had good adherence to follow-up visits (74.2%); however, their adherence to ferritin tests (47%) and iron chelator use (45.5%) was poor. Regression analysis results suggested that the effect of psychosocial status on adherence to follow-up visits (P<0.05, OR=0.8, 95% CI; 0.628-1), ferritin test (P<0.05, OR=0.213, 95% CI; 0.044-1), and iron chelator use (P<0.001, OR=0.852, 95% CI; 0.772-0.94) was significant. Conclusion: Adolescents with thalassemia fail to adhere to treatment regimen fully; therefore, appropriate interventions are required to improve their psychosocial status.

Introduction: Domestic violence is a global phenomenon which during pregnancy, not only affect mother's health, but can also directly or indirectly have an abusive effect on fetus's health. Objective:The objective of the present study is to determine the relationship between domestic violence during pregnancy with its consequences on pregnant women referring to public maternity hospitals of Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods:This research was a cross-sectional study of the descriptive analytical type, conducted on 402 pregnant women who referred to the state-owned maternity hospitals of Rasht City for childbirth in 2014. In this research, the study samples were collected through the convenient sampling method. Data collection tools were a questionnaire comprising of three parts; demographic information, WHO domestic violence during pregnancy questionnaire, and consequences in pregnancy, which were completed through interview with mothers. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed, through descriptive and inferential statistics conducted through the Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.Results: Findings showed that 48.5% of pregnant women during their pregnancy had been subjected to domestic violence (the majority was emotional violence with 45.5% prevalence) by their spouses, and all aspects of violence have been reported with mild intensity. On determining the association between the experience of domestic violence during pregnancy and its effects on pregnancy, the Chi-square statistical test revealed statistically significant relationship between domestic violence and delivery method i.e., cesarean section (P=0.0001), vaginal bleeding (P=0.001), preterm labor (P=0.041), premature rupture of embryonic membranes (P=0.044) and low birth weight of neonates (˂2500 g) (P<0.0001). In the final model, of the main variables of the research, the emotional violence (OR=1.064, 95% CI=1.007-1.125, P=0.026) was the predictor of maternal and neonatal complications. Conclusion:Approximately, half of the women under the study were subject of domestic violence during their pregnancy, and considering its connection with the risk of maternal and neonatal complications, it is recommended that the proper interventions be planned to reduce domestic violence and its adverse consequences in pregnancy.

Introduction: Parental participation in the care of and support to premature infants is the main factor in accelerating health improvement and growth of infants in the neonatal unit. Many factors are associated with this participation, whose investigation provides appropriate contexts for parental participation. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the participation of mothers in the care of premature infants and factors associated with it. Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study in which 170 mothers with premature infants, admitted to the neonatal ward of the hospitals chosen by the Guilan University of Medical Sciences, were examined using available sampling method. The information collection tool was a questionnaire of two parts: the questionnaire of the participation of parents with hospitalized infants and the researcher-made questionnaire of the factors associated with mothers' participation in the care of premature infants. After sampling, the data were statistically analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (tindependent, ANOVA, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, and regression models). Results:The results suggest that the participation rate of mothers in infant care is 79.03%, and the birth weight (ß = -0.001, P = 0.017), gender (ß = 0.830, P = 0.024), to become familiar with the physical environment by the nurse (ß = 1.506, P = 0.001), to become familiar with the equipment used for infants in the department by the nurse (ß = 1.152, P = 0.009), explanation by a nurse for the measurements done for the infant and the reasons (ß = 0.818, P = 0.023), and blood sampling or venipuncture or pricking the infant (ß = 0.185, P = 0.041), were considered among the predictors of mothers' participation. Conclusion: Due to the identification of factors associated with the participation of mothers in the care of premature infants, it is recommended that the managers and nurses use the results to improve and strengthen the participation of mothers in the care of hospitalized infants.

Among women's cancers, breast and cervical cancers are most common with high mortality rate, but they can be rectified in the initial stages with cost-effective, easy and readily available screening programs. The task of informing the community and directing them towards the screening programs is one of the major responsibilities of the health team.Objective: Determining the screening test status for common female cancers and their associated factors among the personnel working in the health and educational centers. Materials and Methods:In this cross-sectional and analytical study, 212 employees (physicians, gynecologists, nurses, midwives and family health unit personnel) from Al-Zahra Medical Center and the health centers of Rasht City (15 centers) were studied. A 4-part questionnaire was prepared and completed by the selected employees. For statistical analysis, descriptive characteristics and Independent t test were used. To determine the predictor-related factors for conducting Pap Smear test, mammography and breast self-examination, multiple analysis and logistic regression model were used. Results:The results showed that 76.80% of the subjects with regard to Pap Smear test, 50% with regard to mammography and 86.60% with regard to breast self-examination had a good performance. Age (B=-0.12, P=0.007), age of the first pregnancy (B=0.14, P=0.05) and early diagnosis of cancer by screening (B=1.21, P=0.04) were predictive factors for performing Pap Smear. Duration of the current contraceptive method (P=0.05, B=-0.07), presence of suspicious mass in the breast (B=2.095, P=0.004) and fear of cancer (B=-0.85, P=0.07) were predictive factors for performing mammography. While, fear of cancer (P=0.02, B=6.31) was the only predictor of breast self-examination. Conclusion:Considering that working personnel in health-care centers are models for the general public, promoting their health behaviors such as performing timely tests can be an effective approach to promote better health in the community.