Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) regulate the antitumor effect of Natural killer cells. This study aims to compare the frequency of KIR genes distribution in women with breast cancer and the control group in Kermanshah province. This study was performed on 53 women with BC and 37 healthy women. The KIR gene content was determined by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). The frequency of the KIR- 2DL5B gene was significantly different between the two groups (P: 0.037), and this locus increases the risk of disease (OR: 2.491). The following results were associated with breast cancer risk: the cBx-tAtA distribution (OR: 5.122), the B content score 1 (OR: 5.122), tA01|tA01 (OR: 5.122) and inversely the following results were associated with protection: the cBx-tBx distribution (OR: 0.176), the B content score 2 (OR: 0.176), cA01|cB0X (OR: 0.287) and tA01|tB0X (OR: 0.301). These results suggested that KIR- 2DL5B, the cBx-tAtA, the B content score 1 and tA01|tA01 were associated with increased susceptibility while the cBx-tBx, the B content score 2, cA01|cB0X, and tA01|tB0X were associated with protection for BC in kermanshahi women population.

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