Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize healthcare and dentistry. Recently, there has been much interest in the development of AI applications. Dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR) is within the scope of these applications due to its compatibility with image processing methods. Classification and segmentation of teeth, automatic marking of anatomical structures and cephalometric analysis, determination of early dental diseases, gingival, periodontal diseases and evaluation of risk groups, diagnosis of certain diseases, such as; osteoporosis that can be detected in jaw radiographs are among studies conducted by using radiological images. Further research in the field of AI will make great contributions to DMFR. We aim to discuss most recent AI-based studies in the field of DMFR.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science dedicated to building systems to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. AI tries to solve problems and learn similar to humans. The field of AI has experienced phenomenal development and growth over the past two decades; with the latest developments in digitized data collection, machine learning, and computing infrastructure, AI applications are expanding rapidly, especially in areas that are thought to be reserved for experts in their fields. Artificial intelligence has started to take place rapidly in dental clinical applications. The use of artificial intelligence in dentistry has enormous potential to improve patient care and drive major advances in healthcare. AI in dentistry is being researched for various purposes, such as identifying anatomical and pathological structures, diagnosing diseases and predicting treatment results, and selecting materials to be used. Advances in AI offer healthcare benefits, such as reducing postoperative complications, improving quality of life, and reducing the number of unnecessary procedures. It can also play a great helping role for dentists in increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. This chapter aims to explain the current applications and future predictions of artificial intelligence in dentistry, which is one of the most current topics of recent times.