Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common health issues among men, especially older men. In recent years, incidences of prostate cancer is increasing. Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive estimate of the survival of prostate cancer in Asian countries. Methods: We searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until June 1, 2018. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019117044). Results: A total of 714 titles were retrieved. Thirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, five-year and ten-year survival rate of prostate cancer were 81% (95% CI 77.8-84.2), 61.9% (95% CI 59.5-64.3) and 36.2% (95% CI 9.2-63.2) respectively. Survival rates based on HDI level for five-year were 30.07, 43.43 and 70.84 percent for medium, high and very high levels, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of our study, the prostate cancer survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America.

BackgroundThere are various instruments and methods to evaluate spinal health and functional status. Whole-spine patient reported outcome (PRO) measures, such as the Spine Functional Index (SFI), assess the spine from the cervical to lumbo-sacral sections as a single kinetic chain. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the SFI for Persian speaking patients (SFI-Pr) and determine the psychometric properties of reliability and validity (convergent and construct) in a Persian patient population.MethodsThe SFI (English) PRO was translated into Persian according to published guidelines. Consecutive symptomatic spine patients (104 female and 120 male aged between 18 and 60) were recruited from three Iranian physiotherapy centers. Test-retest reliability was performed in a sub-sample (n = 31) at baseline and repeated between days 3–7. Convergent validity was determined by calculating the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient between the SFI-Pr and the Persian Roland Morris Questionnaire (RMQ) for back pain patients and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) for neck patients. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) used Maximum Likelihood Extraction followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).ResultsHigh levels of internal consistency (α = 0.81, item range = 0.78–0.82) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.96, item range = 0.83–0.98) were obtained. Convergent validity was very good between the SFI and RMQ (r = 0.69) and good between the SFI and NDI (r = 0.57). The EFA from the perspective of parsimony suggests a one-factor solution that explained 26.5% of total variance. The CFA was inconclusive of the one factor structure as the sample size was inadequate. There were no floor or ceiling effects.ConclusionsThe SFI-Pr PRO can be applied as a specific whole-spine status assessment instrument for clinical and research studies in Persian language populations.

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Introduction: This study was conducted in an Iranian context to explore the co-occupations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy as experienced by them. Method: This qualitative study was conducted using content analysis methodology. Sixteen mothers of children with cerebral palsy participated in the study. Data was collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews. Constant comparative analysis was deployed for data analysis. Results: The results were classified into nine sub-categories and four main categories that were identified as (1) coping with self-care problems, (2) effort to gain treatment follow-up, (3) coping challenges of educational care, and (4) limited parental personal leisure time. Conclusion: Understanding the challenges of caring for a child with cerebral palsy and the experiences of mothers when engaging in co-occupations with their child, provides a broader perspective of the potential impact on participation and engagement of mothers. However, more research is required to understand the various factors influencing participation and co-occupations and interaction effects between these factors.