In this study, the possibility of the formation of lower olefins from dimethyl ether and methanol on catalysts containing Mg-Zn-Zr-B-HSZ and Mg-Zn-Zr-P-HSZ was studied, and the process was evaluated quantum chemically. According to the results obtained by IR-Fur spectroscopy, during the catalytic conversion of DME (dimethyl ether) on the surface of catalysts containing Mg-Zn-Zr-B-HSZ and Mg-Zn-Zr-P-HSZ ketenes at temperatures below 180 °C and oxonium intermediates at 320 °C (intermediate). compounds) are confirmed by experimental spectra and theoretical quantum-chemical calculations. It was shown that the formation of olefins below DME occurs by the carbene mechanism at low temperatures and by the oxonylide mechanism at high temperatures.

Currently, the main source of feedstock for the production of lower olefins is oil. The implementation of the sequential change "CH4 → CH3OH → lower olefins" allows us to consider natural gas as an alternative raw material for the production of expensive raw materials for petrochemicals-ethylene and propylene. The most promising catalysts for converting methanol to olefins are crystalline microporous silicoaluminophosphates (SAPO-34 and SAPO-18) With a chabazite structure and high siliceous zeolites (HSZ) synthesized from kaolin. Despite the existence of industrial processes for converting methanol using HSZ to olefins, the improvement of these catalysts is an urgent task in order to increase the selectivity and stability of the operation of ethylene and propylene. Therefore, we conducted the process of producing ethylene and propylene from methanol by incorporating metals of various nature from natural kaolin to HSZ. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of the nature and amount of the introduced metal on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of the HSZ.

Introduction. Methanol is considered one of the most important products of organic synthesis. It is widely used as a solvent, semi-finished product in the production of other organic products (formaldehyde, methyl methacrylate, methylamine, acetic acid, urea, etc.). Also, recently in the microbiological synthesis of proteins, methanol is widely used as raw material, an energy source, and also for the synthesis of a component of motor fuel-methyltretbutylefir (an effective antidetonator). Currently, methanol ranks 7-8 among other organic synthesis products in terms of production volume. Methods of processing methane: first, synthesis-production of gas and production of chemical products based on it; second, oxidation of methane (natural gas)-production of ethylene; third, direct catalytic oxidation of methane(natural gas)up to products containing oxygen. Let's focus on three alternative methods of producing methane-conversion and synthesis-gas.