This paper investigates the stability of time-delayed load frequency control (LFC) systems with electric vehicles (EV) aggregators based on Lyapunov theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technology. A novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) is constructed. Then, based on Bessel-Legendre (B-L) inequality and model reconstruction technique, two stability criteria are derived, respectively. Some simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods. And the interaction of time-delays between areas and the effect of gains of EVs on delay margins are discussed. INDEX TERMS Electric vehicles, load frequency control, Bessel-Legendre inequality, model reconstruction technique.

No abstract

Stability of neural networks (NNs) with time-delays (TDs) has become a popular research object. The Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF) method is an extremely effective technique for the stability research of NNs with TDs. Three primary issues, including ideas for constructing a reasonable LKF method, investigation of methods to estimate the LKF's derivative and reviewing approaches for establishing the stability criteria are discussed in details. Finally, some challenges are proposed for the future research directions.